| A | B |
|---|
| basaltic | describes dense, dark-colored igneous rock formed from magma rick in magnesium and iron and poor in silica |
| cementation | sedimentary rock-forming process in which sediment grains are held together by natural cements that are produced when water moves through rock and soil |
| compaction | process that forms sedimentary rocks when layers of sediments are compressed by the weight of the layers above them |
| extrusive | describes fine-grained igneous rock that forms when magma cools quickly at or near Earth's surface |
| foliated | describes metamorphic rock, such as slate and gneiss, whose mineral grains line up in parallel layers |
| granitic | describes generally light-colored, silica-rich igneous rock that is less dense than basaltic rock |
| igneous rock | rock formed when magma or lava cools and hardens |
| intrusive | describes a type of igneous rock that generally contains large crystals and forms when magma cools slowly beneath Earth's surface |
| lava | molten rock that flows from volcanoes onto Earth's surface |
| metamorphic rock | forms when heat, pressure, or fluids act on igneous, sedimentary, or other metamorphic rock to change its form or composition, or both |
| nonfoliated | describes metamorphic rock, such as quartzite or marble, whose mineral grains grow and rearrange but generally do not form layers |
| rock | mixture of one or more minerals, rock fragments, volcanic glass, organic matter, or other natural materials |
| rock cycle | model that describes how rocks slowly change from one form to another through time |
| sediments | loose materials, such as rock fragments, mineral grains, and the remains of once-living plants and animals, that have been moved by wind, water, ice, or gravity |
| sedimentary rock | forms when sediments are compacted and cemented together or when minerals form from solutions |
| rock | a substance that is classified as igneous, metamorphic, or sedimentary |
