| A | B |
|---|
| Define the problem - Form Hypothesis - Experiment (test the hypothesis) - Draw Conclusions - Report observations | What are the steps of the scientific method? |
| single factor that can change | What is a variable? |
| factor that remains constant, does not change | What is a Control? |
| Scientists use the scientific method to solve problems because, it sets a standard that another individual could follow to repeat the experiment | Why do Scientists use the scientific method to solve problems? |
| it is important to make good observations because the goal of science is to explain what is observed | Why is it important to make good observations? |
| a hypothesis is an educated guess,<br>a theory is an explanation that applies a broad range of phenomena and are supported by experimental evidence <br>a scientific law is a statment that describes some aspect of a phenomenon that is always true | What is the difference between hypothesis, theory, and a scientific law? |
| eye piece - body tube - nosepiece - low power objective - high power objective - clip - diaphragm - mirror - base - arm - fine adjustment - course adjustment | List the parts of a microscope |
| the ability to show two points that are close together as separate images | What is resolution? |
| magnification refers to the enlargement of an image | What is magnification? |
| seconds (s) | What is the SI Unit for time? |
| meter (m) | What is the SI Unit for length? |
| liter (L) | What is the SI unit for Volume? |
| gram (g) | What is the SI unit for Mass? |
| Celsius | What is the SI unit for temperature? |
| it is important that there are standards in measurement because units need to be expressed in a standardized system that everyone can understand | Why is it important to use a standard system of measurement? |
| substances that are made up of only one kind of atom | Define element |
| two or more atoms that are combined | Define compound |
| the number of protons in the nucleus | Define atomic Number |
| the sum of protons and neutrons | define mass number |
| in the nucleus of every atom, has one unit of positive electric charge | define proton |
| in the nucleus of every atom, has no electric charge, neutral | define neutron |
| located in the space outside the nucleus, have one unit of negative electric charge | define electron |
| each element is represented by its chemical symbol | define chemical formula |
| the substances that were present before the chemical reaction | define reactants |
| red | what color does litmus paper turn when the pH is below 5? (acidic) |
| a substance that changes color when the pH goes above or below a certain value | Define indicator |
| when different substances are formed | define Chemical Reaction |
| the new substances produced by the reaction | define products |
| any compound that produces hydrogen ions in solution | Acid |
| a compound that produces hydroxide ions when desolved in water | Base |
| the H+ concentration | pH |
| the process of reacting an acid and a base to produce a neutral solution | Define Neutralization |
| carbon | what do all organic compounds contain? |
| usually do not contain carbon | inorganic |
| compounds of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen | Define carbohydrates |
| An apparatus for measuring the heat generated by a chemical reaction, change of state, or formation of a solution. | what is a Calorimeter? |
| substancs like fats, oils and waxes | Lipids |
| fats that are formed from fatty acids with single carbon-to-carbon bonds | Saturated Fat |
| one or more carbon pairs in the fatty acid molecules are joined together by a double bond | Unsaturated Fat |
| an essential compound found in most animal tissues. can be built up by increased fats and oils intake | Choleserol |
| compounds that contain nitrogen, as well as carbon, hydrogen and oxygen | Protein |
| protein substances that are necessary for most of the chemical reactions that occur in living cells | Enzyme |
| a substance that brings about a reaction without being changed itself | Catalyst |
| a substance that an enzyme acts upon | Substrate |
| unit used to measure the energy content of foods; equal to 1000 calories also called killocalorie | Calorie |
| the amount of heat that will raise the temperature of 1 g of water to 1c | calorie |
| when the cytoplasm divides into two parts | Cytokinesis |
| reproductive cells produced by two separate parent cells | sexual reproduction |
| involves only one parent, the new organism is a separated part from the parent | asexual reproduction |
| mass of thin twisted threads, contain dna | Chromatin |
| the specific number in each type of organism in its obody cells | Chromosomes |
| the region where the chromatids are connected | centromere |
| formed by microtubules look like football shaped structures | spindles |
| where the nucleus divides to form two nuclei | mitosis |
| The process of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that reduces the number of chromosomes in reproductive cells from diploid to haploid, leading to the production of gametes in animals and spores in plants. | Meiosis |
| the haploid cells that fuse with other haploid cells to form zygotes; the sperm cells or egg cells | gamete |
| the nucleic acid found in all cells of an organism; the hereditary material passed on during reproduction | DNA |
| a distinct unit of hereditary material found in chromosomes | genes |
| the chromosomes other than sex chromosomes | autosomes |
| the diploid cell resulting from fusion of two gametes | Zygote |
| one of the two types of sex chromosomes | X-Chromosome |
| one of the two types of sex chromosomes | Y-Chromosome |
| having two sets of chromosomes or all of the homologous chromosomes that are characteristic of the species | Diploid |
| having only one chromosome from each pair of homologous chromosomes | haploid |
| a technique for examining the chromosome makeup of an individual | karyotype |
