| A | B |
|---|
| saliva | moistens food; amylase changes starch to sugar |
| bolus | ball of saliva and food |
| esophagus | food tube, pushes food down from the mouth to the stomach |
| peristalsis | rhythmic movements of muscle in the digestive tract |
| stomach | three layered muscular organ that mixes food with HCl |
| duodenum | first part of the small intestine where food is broken down further by digestive juices and enzymes |
| small_intestine | nutrients are absorbed into the blood stream here |
| villi | microscopic finger like structures that increase surface area to allow dissolved food to be absorbed into blood stream |
| large_intestine | bacteria remove nutrients from solid waste, water is removed from waste |
| feces | compacted, solid waste matter |
| rectum | stores solid waste |
| gallbladder | stores bile and sends it to the small intestine |
| liver | makes bile, stores nutrients that the body does not need right away |
| pancreas | makes chemicals needed to break down food, makes insulin |
| enzyme | chemical that breaks down food |
| insulin | helps cells use sugar |
| digestive_juices | acids and enzymes in the stomach that break down food |
| bile | yellow-green fluid that breaks down fat |
| urine | liquid waste excreted from the body |
| urethra | tube that carries liquid waste from the bladder to the outside |
| ureters | tubes that carry liquid waste from the kidneys to the bladder |
| kidneys | organs that remove dissolved toxins from the blood |
| urinary_bladder | muscular organ the holds liquid waste for removal at a convenient time |
| chyme | paste-like substance that is made in the stomach and empties into the small intestines |
| nephrons | cells of the kidney that remove the dissolved toxic wastes from the blood |
