| A | B |
|---|
| cell | smallest living unit |
| water content of of cells | 60% |
| nucleus | contains genetic information |
| DNA | controls the activity of the cell |
| plasma membrane (semipermeable) | separates contents of cell from surrounding fluid |
| interstitial fluid | contains amnio acids, sugars, fatty acid, hormones, neurotransmitters |
| selectively permeable | allows allows only particles of the right shape and chemical nature to pass thru |
| cytoplasm | found between the plasma membrane and nucleus |
| organelles (little organs) | specialized units that perform certain functions |
| mitocondria | location for cellular respiration- conversion of food to energy at the cellular level |
| ATP (adenosine triphosphate) | chemical the cell uses to store and transfer energy within itself |
| ribosomes | sites of protein sysnthesis inside the cell |
| endoplasmic reticulum (ER) | serves as a means for transport within the cell made of many channels |
| rough ER | has ribosomes on it's surface and stores & delivers proteins made by the ribosomes |
| smooth ER | no ribosomes- storage of minerals & enzymes, and the folding of proteins |
| golgi complex | modifies and packages proteins for use in cells or for export from the cell |
| lysosomes | contain strong digestive enzymes to digest non living cells |
| plant cells are distinguished by | a cell wall |
| chloroplasts contain | chlorophyll |
| plant cells have vacuoles | which are compartments in the cytoplasm and act as places for secretion, excretion, & storage |
| reasons for cell division | growth, repair, & production of gametes |
| most important result for cell division | DNA is transmitted to offspring |
| DNA is found in the nucleus & is in what form? | chromatin & chromosomes |
| when cells divide genetic material must be passed onto | daughter cells |
| when a cell is not dividing it is found in the form of | chromatin |
| when a cell is dividing DNA is in rodshaped bodies called | chromosomes |
| somatic cells | nonreproductive cells |
| mitosis | a cell separates its already duplicated genome into two identical halves. |
| mitosis is useful in | growth & repair of our bodies |
| reproductive cells contain | half of the normal no. of chromosomes |
| zygote | cell created by the union of sperm and egg |
| meiosis | division of the doubling of chromosomes half from each parent |
| meiosis products | 4 daughter cells each w/ half the normal no. of chromosomes |
