| A | B |
|---|
| rock | a solid mixture of one or more minerals |
| igneous rock | rock that forms when magma or lava cools and hardens |
| sedimentary rock | rock that forms when sediments become compacted and cemented |
| metamorphic rock | any type of rock that changed by heat, pressure, or fluids |
| rock cycle | the continuous process that causes rocks to change from one type to another |
| magma | molten material that forms deep beneath Earth’s surface |
| magma | molten rock beneath Earth's surface |
| weathering | a process in which rocks are physically and chemically broken down by water, air, and living things |
| sediments | weathered bits of Earth materials |
| porphyritic texture | rocks with different size crystals that cooled at different rates |
| intrusive igneous | rocks that form when magma hardens beneath Earth’s surface |
| lava | melted material at Earth’s surface |
| erosion | the weathering and removal of rock |
| deposition | when an agent of erosion loses its energy, it drops its sediments |
| extrusive igneous | rocks that form when lava hardens |
| compaction | a process that squeezes sediments |
| cementation | when dissolved minerals are deposited in the tiny spaces among sediments |
| clastic sedimentary rock | sedimentary rocks that are made from weathered bits of rocks and minerals |
| chemical sedimentary rock | sedimentary rocks that form when dissolved minerals precipitate from water solutions |
| metamorphism | the changes in mineral composition and texture of a rock subjected to high temperature and pressure within Earth |
| contact metamorphism | Hot magma moves into rock, changing its form |
| regional metamorphism | metamorphism associated with large-scale mountain building (high pressures) |
| hydrothermal solution | when solutions of minerals and water increase in temperature and cause reactions among other substances |
| foliated metamorphic rock | a layered or banded appearance |
| nonfoliated metamorphic rock | a metamorphic rock that does not have a banded appearance |
