| A | B |
|---|
| biotechnology | use of organisms to perform practical tasks |
| recombinant DNA technology | technology that combines genes from different sources into a single DNA molecule |
| plasmid | small, circular DNA molecule found in bacteria that is separate from the bacterial chromosome |
| restriction enzyme | enzyme that cuts sugar-phosphate bonds in the DNA backbone at specific points within particular nucleotide sequences in DNA |
| genomic library | complete collection of cloned DNA fragments from an organism |
| nucleic acid probe | radioactively labeled nucleic acid molecule used to tag a particular DNA sequence |
| genetically modified organism (GMO) | organism that has acquired genetic material by artificial means |
| transgenic | genetically modified organism whose source of new genetic material is a different species |
| polymerase chain reaction (PCR) | technique that makes many copies of a certain segment of DNA without using living cells |
| gel electrophoresis | technique for sorting molecules or fragments of molecules by length |
| genetic marker | specific portion of DNA that varies among individuals |
| DNA fingerprint | an individual's unique banding pattern on an electrophoresis gel, determined by restriction fragments of the person's DNA |
