| A | B |
|---|
| WAVE | The movement of energy through a body of water. |
| CREST | The highest point of a wave. |
| WAVELENGTH | The horizontal distance between two wave crests. |
| FREQUENCY | The number of waves that pass a specific point in a given amount of time. |
| TROUGH | The lowest point of a wave. |
| WAVE HEIGHT | The vertical distance from the crest of a wave to the trough. |
| LONGSHORE DRIFT | The movement of water and sediment along a beach caused by waves coming into shore at an angle. |
| SANDBAR | A ridge of sand deposited by waves as they slow down near shore. |
| RIP CURRENT | A rush of water that flows rapidly back to sea through a narrow opening. |
| GROIN | A stone or concrete wall built out from a beach to reduce erosion. |
| TIDES | The daily rise and fall of Earth's waters on shores. |
| SPRING TIDE | A tide with the greatest difference between high and low tide that occurs when the sun and the moon are aligned in a line with the Earth. |
| NEAP TIDE | A tide with the least difference between low and high tide that occurs when the sun and moon pull at right angles to each other. |
| SALINITY | The total amount of dissolved salts in a water sample. |
| SUBMERSIBLE | An underwater vehicle built of strong materials to resist pressure at depth. |
| CURRENT | A large stream of moving water that flows through the ocean. |
| CORIOLIS EFFECT | The way Earth's rotation makes winds in the Northern Hemisphere curve to the right and winds in the Southern Hemisphere cure to the left. |
| CLIMATE | The average, year-after-year conditions of temperature, precipitation, winds and clouds in an area. |
| UPWELLING | An upward flow of cold water from the ocean depths. |
| EL NINO | An abnormal climate event that occurs every 2 to 7 years in the Pacific Ocean, causing changes in winds, currents, and weather patterns that can lead to dramatic climate changes. |
