| A | B |
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| Animation | the rapid display of a sequence of images of 2-D or 3-D artwork or model positions in order to create an illusion of movement |
| Early examples | Chinese zoetropes; flip books; and Egyptian wall paintings showed movement in static pictures in paintings but not actual movement |
| Cartoons | Animated short films; Intended to be shown in movie theaters before full feature movies; started in the 1910’s |
| Traditional Animation | aka cel-drawn or hand-drawn animation; The individual frames of a traditionally animated film are photographs of drawings |
| Full animation | The process of producing high-quality traditionally animated films which regularly use detailed drawings and plausible movement - Many of the Disney animated features are examples of full animation |
| Limited Animation | The use of less detailed and-or more stylized drawings and methods of movement can be used as a method of stylized artistic expression as in much of the anime produced in Japan |
| Rotoscoping | a technique patented by Max Fleischer in 1917 where animators trace live-action movement frame by frame |
| Live Action Animation | Animation technique when combining hand-drawn characters into live action shots-- examples would include Who Framed Roger Rabbit and Space Jam |
| Stop Motion Animation | used to describe animation created by physically manipulating real world objects and photographing them one frame of film at a time to create the illusion of movement |
| Puppet animation | typically involves stop motion puppet figures interacting with each other in a constructed environment in contrast to the real world interaction in model animation - The puppets generally have an armature frame inside of them to keep them still and steady as well as constraining them to move at particular joints. Examples The Nightmare Before Christmas and Robot Chicken |
| Clay Animation or Claymation | uses figures made of clay or a similar malleable material to create stop-motion animation-- The figures may have an armature or wire frame inside of them similar to the related puppet animation that can be manipulated in order to pose the figures Examples: Gumby and Wallace & Gromit |
| Cutout animation | a type of stop-motion animation produced by moving 2dimensional pieces of material such as paper or cloth Examples animated sequences from Monty Python's Flying Circus and South Park |
| Model animation | stop-motion animation created to interact with and exist as a part of a live-action world with Intercutting and matte effects and split screens are often employed to blend stop-motion characters or objects with live actors and settings Examples King Kong and Jason & the Argonauts |
| Object animation | the use of regular inanimate objects in stop-motion animation as opposed to specially created items |
| Brickfilm animation | A sub genre of object animation involving using LEGO or other similar brick toys in order to make an animation |
| Pixilation | the use of live humans as stop motion characters This allows for a number of surreal effects including disappearances and reappearances and allowing people to appear to slide across the ground and other such effects |
| 2D Animation | created and/or edited on the computer using 2D bitmap graphics or created and edited using 2D vector graphics. has many applications including analog computer animation and Flash animation and PowerPoint animation. |
| 3D Animation | digitally modeled and manipulated by an animator. In order to manipulate a mesh it is given a digital skeletal structure that can be used to control the mesh. This process is called rigging. Various other techniques can be applied such as mathematical functions (ex. gravity particle simulations) and simulated fur or hair and effects such as fire and water and the use of motion capture. Well-made 3D animations can be difficult to distinguish from live action and are commonly used as visual effects for recent movies. |
| Toy Story | is the first feature-length film to be created and rendered entirely using 3D graphics |
| 2D Animation Techniques | automated computerized versions of traditional animation techniques such as of interpolated morphing and onion skinning and interpolated rotoscoping |
