| A | B |
|---|
| Yellow River | 2nd longest river in China and muddiest river in the world |
| Huang He | also know as the "Yellow River" |
| China's Sorrow | given because of its destructive floods |
| loess | yellow brown soil |
| dike | a protective wall that holds back water |
| Shang Dynasty | 1st civilization in China, produced bronze work and a writing system |
| Zhou Dynasty | lasted 1,000 years, divided into 2 parts,Warring States resulted |
| Mandate of Heaven | a law in which the Chinese believed rulers came to power because it was their destiny or fate |
| extended family | closely related people |
| Confucius | a Chinese philosopher and teacher whose beliefs had a great influence on Chinese life |
| Kong Fu Zi | another name for Confucius or "Master Kong" |
| philosophy | a system of beliefs and values |
| Confucianism | a philosophy and religion which governed Chinese life; made up of a collection of important sayings |
| Taoism | a religious philosophy based on the writings of Laozi and teaches that happiness comes from living a balanced life |
| civil service | the group of people whose job it is to carry out the work of the government |
| Shi Huangdi | founder of the Qin Dynasty and China's first emperor |
| Qin Dynasty | lasted 2 generations; Shi Huangdi was its harsh ruler |
| Great Wall of China | large Chinese construction project to stop border wars; took 10 years to construct |
| currency | type of money |
| legalism | idea that people should be punished for bad behavior and rewarded for good behavior |
| Liu Bang | founder of the Han Dynasty and emperor of China |
| Han Dynasty | a stable government which lasted 400 years |
| Wudi | Chinese emperor who brought the Han Dynasty to its greatest strength |
| warlord | a local leader of an armed group |
| Silk Road | an ancient trade route between China and Europe |
| silk | a valuable cloth, originally made only in China from threads spun by caterpillars |
| Sima Qian | Chinese scholar, astronomer, and historian; author of the most important history of ancient China,Historical Records |
| three obediences | obey father in youth, obey husband in marriage, obey sons as widow |
| four virtues | morality, modesty, proper speech, domestic skills |
| farmers and merchants | people who built the Great Wall of China |
| terra cotta warriors | army built to protect Shi Huangdi's tomb |
| roads | built during Qin Dynasty to make travel and conquering others easier |
| A.D. 300 | China broke into small kingdoms |
| goods, ideas, grapes, walnuts, garlic | traded along the Silk Road along with glass, horses, ivory, and cloth |
| 4,000 miles | length of Silk Road traveling through mountains and deserts |
| secret | how the new methods of developing silk were treated |
| Buddhism | the religion brought along the Silk Road |
| poetry and dictionary | created in the Han Dynasty to help Chinese culture |
| Chinese achievements | jade carving, acupuncture, herbal remedies, understanding circulatory system, iron plow, rudder, seismoscope, compass, wheelbarrow, and paper |
| papyrus | what was originally written on before the use of silk |
| Beijing | present day capital of China |
| Yangtze | also known as the Chang Jiang; longest river in China |
| Mongolia | the present day country north of central China |
| Confucius philosophy | Do not do to others what you would not want done to yourself |
| medicine, technology, and farming | books not burned by Shi Huangdi |
| Positives about Shi Huangdi | Built Great wall for protection, built roads for traveling, one currency, one law |
| Negatives about Shi Huangdi | Imprisoned or killed others, forced people to build the Great Wall and roads, burned books, legalism, outlawed Confucianism |
| price of goods | increased as traders traveled the Silk Road |
