| A | B |
|---|
| Internet | A large network made up of a number of smaller networks. |
| Intranet | An inhouse Web site that serves the employees of the enterprise. Although intranet pages may link to the Internet, an intranet is not a site accessed by the general public |
| packet | A block of data used for transmission in packet switched systems |
| ISP | An organization that provides access to the Internet. Small Internet service providers (ISPs) provide service via modem and ISDN while the larger ones also offer private line hookups |
| ISDN | An international telecommunications standard for providing a digital service from the customer's premises to the dial-up telephone network |
| IP Address | The address of a computer attached to a TCP/IP network. Every client and server station must have a unique IP address |
| PPP | The communications protocol used to dial up the Internet over a serial link, such as a POTS or IDSN line |
| Extranet | A Web site for customers rather than the general public. It can provide access to research, current inventories and internal databases, virtually any information that is private and not published for everyone |
| SMTP | The standard e-mail protocol on the Internet. It is a TCP/IP protocol that defines the message format and the message transfer agent |
| HTTP | The communications protocol used to connect to servers on the World Wide Web |
| HTML | The document format used on the World Wide Web. Web pages are built with HTML tags (codes) embedded in the text. |
| Protocol | Rules governing transmitting and receiving of data |
| Router | A device that forwards data packets from one local area network (LAN) or wide area network (WAN) to another |
| Proxy Server | it is an application that breaks the connection between sender and receiver. All input is forwarded out a different port, closing a straight path between two networks and preventing a cracker from obtaining internal addresses and details of a private network |
| PING Commond | An Internet utility used to determine whether a particular IP address is online. It is used to test and debug a network by sending out a packet and waiting for a response |
| LAN | A communications network that serves users within a confined geographical area. It is made up of servers, workstations, a network operating system and a communications link |
| WAN | A communications network that covers a wide geographic area, such as state or country. A LAN (local area network) is contained within a building or complex, and a MAN |
| MAN | A communications network that covers a geographic area such as a city or suburb |
| Peer-to-peer | There are two primary applications. The first is peer-to-peer file sharing in which users access resources on other users' machines as exemplified by Napster and Gnutella |
| Client-server network | A communications network that uses dedicated servers. In this context, the term is used to contrast it with a peer-to-peer network, which allows any client to also be a server |
| Star Topology | communications network in which all terminals are connected to a central computer, controller or hub |
| Bus Topology | network topology that uses a common pathway between all devices |
| Ring Topology | A communications network that connects terminals and computers in a continuous loop. |
| Mesh Topology | A net-like communications network in which there are at least two pathways to each node |
| Hybried Topology | In communications, a network made up of equipment from multiple vendors |
| OSI model | An ISO standard for worldwide communications that defines a framework for implementing protocols in seven layers |
| 10 Base 5 | 10 Base 5 |
| 10 Base2 | 10 Base2 |
| 10 BaseT | A 10 Mbps Ethernet standard that uses twisted wire pairs (telephone wire). All stations connect in a star configuration to a central hub, also known as a "multiport repeater," or to a central switch |
| CSMA/CD | The LAN access method used in Ethernet. When a device wants to gain access to the network, it checks to see if the network is quiet |
