| A | B |
|---|
| Three branches of government | executive, judicial, legislative |
| United States National Anthem | Star Spangled Banner |
| Puritans | Tried to purify Church of England. Started the Massachusetts Bay Colony. The bible was their guide to life. |
| Daniel Boone | Crossed the Appalachian Mts. and built the Wilderness Trail |
| Wilderness Trail | A path that allowed colonists to begin moving west through Ohio River Valley |
| Loyalists | People in favor of the king during the Revolutionary War |
| Patriots | People in favor of the colonists during the Revolutionary War |
| Battle of Yorktown | Surrender of British General Cornwallis which ended the Revolutionary War |
| Bill of Rights | First ten amendments to the Constitution |
| Articles of Confederation | First written plan of governent of the U.S. after the Revolutionary War |
| Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation | all powers given to the states because fear another ruthless government like the king |
| Francis Scott Key | wrote Star Spangled Banner |
| War of 1812 | Second war between England and the United States |
| Cotton Gin | Eli Whitney invented machine which removed seeds from cotton and increased need for slaves |
| Robert Fulton | Invented steamboat |
| McCormick Reaper | a machine that was used to cut grain much quicker than before when it had to be done by hand |
| Spinning Gin | Samuel Slater invented a machine that spun cotton into the thread |
| Transcontinental Railroad | train going connecting the east coast to the west coast |
| Amendment 13 | abolish or get rid of slavery |
| Amendment 14 | every person is created equal including African-Americans |
| Amendment 15 | No one can be denied the right to vote because of race (color) |
| Plantations | large farms in the South that used lots of slaves |
| Louisiana Purchase | Land from Mississippi River to Rocky Mts. bought from France |
| Louisiana Purchase important because | Opened the West to settlements by colonists |
| Interdependence | people needing each other to produce things. Ex. South had cotton, but the North had all the spinning wheels that turned the cotton into the thread. They had to work together to make clothes. |
| Specialization | only good at one thing. Ex. Punters only are good at kicking the ball. |
| culture | a way of life that includes religion, education, and race |
| executive branch | enforces the laws |
| judicial branch | makes sure laws follow the Constitution |
| Legislative Branch | makes the laws |
| Massachusetts Bay Colony | Puritans (Purify Church of England) |
| Pennsylvania | Quakers (Quake before God) |
| Religious Freedom | can choose any religion you want to practice |
| Rhode Island | Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson |
| New England Colonies | Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Maine, New Hampshire, Verrnont |
| Puritans | everything based on the bible |
| harbors and bays | big cities formed around these |
| import | bring goods into the country |
| export | send goods at of the country |
| elevation | how far above or below sea level you are |
| Pennsylvania | founded by William Penn |
| Middle Colonies | New York, New Jersey, Pennsylania, Maryland |
| New England Colonies characteristics | mountains, rapids, bays and harbors, colder climate, forests |
| Middle Colonies characteristics | mountains, coastal plain, less harbors, more rivers without rapids, forests |
| Southern Colonies characteristics | coastal plains, few harbors, lots of rivers that were navigable (easy to sail on) |
| People in government were | rich, white, male, and owned land |
| swamps | below sea level |
| coastal plain | usually at or a little above sea level |
| physical features | things on the earth that humans didn't make |
| human features | made by humans like bridges and tunnels |
| Wrote Common Sense | thomas Paine |
| First Postmaster General | Ben Franklin |
| Most famous conductor on Underground Railroad | Tubman |
| Invented steamboat | Rober Fulton |
| Invented Cotton Gin | Eli Whitney |
| Wrote Declaration of Independence | Thomas Jefferson |
| Piece of land bought from France that opened up the West to exploration | Louisiania Purchase |
| Part of amap that tells you how far apart things are | scale |
| How much of something you have to sell is | supply |
| How much people want something | demand |
| Give me liberty or give me death | Patrick Henry |
| to refuse to buy something like the colonists did to the king during the American Revolution | boycott |
| Oneth by land and twoeth by sea | Paul Revere |
| Introduction to the Constitution | Preamble |
| things added to the Constitution | amendments |
| traitor who tried to give the the King Ft. Ticonderoga during the AMerican REvolution | Benedict Arnold |
| crime of spying | treason |
| ships put in front of harbors not letting ships in or out; used during the Revolutionary WAr | blockade |
| a war between people in the same country | civil war |
| first state to separate or secede from the Union during the Civil War | South Carolina |
| first shots of the Civil War | Fort Sumter |
| First Shots of American Revolution | Lexington and Concord |
| the person who assassinated Lincoln | John Wilkes Boothe |
| Book written by Harriet Beecher Stowe about slavery | Uncle Tom's Cabin |
| Cotton is King | belief by the South that England would come to their side during the Civil War because they supplied most of the cotton in the world |
| emancipation proclamation | speech by Lincoln saying all slave are free |
| Dred Scott Decision | Supreme Court ruling that said all slaves were property |
| Dias | First explorer to sail around the Cape of Good Hope at the southern tip of Africa |
| Francis Drake | Second person to sail around the world |
| Northwest Passage | Mythical all water route from the Atlantic to the Pacific going through North America |
| Balboa | Discovered Pacific Ocean |
| Desoto | conquistador who explored GEORGIA |
| Spain sent explorers out | looking for gold |
| Portugal sent explorers out | looking for all water route to Asia |
| Cartier explored | Canada |
| Amerigo Vespucci | tried to prove Columbus wrong and America was named after him |
| Hessians | German mercenaries hired to fight on the side of the redcoats during the American Revolution |
| Cortes | conquistador who conquered the Aztecs of Central America |
| Pizarro | Conquistador who conquered the Incas of South America |
| Ponce de Leon | Conquistador who explored Florida |
| Jacques Cartier | frenchman who searched Canada looking for the Northwest Passage |
| Samuel D. Champlain | Frenchman who started the first colony in New France |
| French explorers were interested in | finding Northwest Passage and fur trade |
| armada | fleet of war ships from Spain |
| first english colony in North America was | Jamestown |
| General Cornwallis | English general who surrendered at Yorktown ending the Revolutionary WAr |
| Plymouth Colony | started by Pilgrims or separatists who separated from the Church of England |
| Marquette and Joliet | french explorers looking for the Northwest Passage who explored the Mississippi River |
| LaSalle | discovered the area known as Louisiana named after King Louis |
| minutemen | patriots who were ready to fight in a minutes notice |
| Taxation without Representation | slogan by patriots that said they would pay taxes since the King didn't listen to what they had to say |
| Parliament | England's government |
| Stamp Act, Intolerable Acts, and Townshend Acts were | taxes used to pay redcoats who protected the colonists during French and Indian War |
| Sons of Liberty | Patriots who dumped tea into Boston harbor |
| Crispus Attucks (African-American) | First patriot to die in American REvolution |
| Continental Army | name given to Washington's army during the Revolutionary War |
| Valley Forge | winter home for Continental Army where they were turned into an army with the help of a German named Von Steuben and a Frenchman named Lafayette |
