| A | B |
| republic | government chosen by the people |
| patrician | landowning upper class |
| consul | elected by the Senate to run the govt. |
| dictator | ruler chosen by the Senate to rule in the state of an emergency |
| plebeian | majority of Romans, the common people |
| tribune | elected to protect the interests of the plebeians |
| veto | overturn a law |
| legion | basic unit of the Roman army @5000 men |
| aqueduct | bridges to carry water |
| messiah | savior |
| sect | small group within a larger one |
| martyrs | those who suffer/die for their beliefs |
| bishop | guided a diocese |
| pope | Bishop of Rome / head of the Catholic Church |
| heresy | false teaching |
| mercenary | foreign soldiers working for pay |