| A | B |
|---|
| medium | the substance a wave moves through |
| wave | a disturbance that transfers energy from place to place |
| compression | the part of a medium where particles are close together |
| crest | the highest point of a wave |
| trough | the lowest point of a wave |
| longitudinal wave | wave in which the medium vibrates parallel to the direction the wave moves |
| transverse wave | wave in which the medium vibrates perpendicular to the direction the wave is moving |
| rarefaction | the part of the medium where particles are far apart |
| amplitude | the distance from the normal rest position to the crest or trough |
| frequency | the number of waves that pass a point in one second |
| hertz | one wave per second or unit of frequency |
| wavelength | the distance from a point on one wave to the same exact point on the next wave |
| incident wave | wave that strikes a barrier |
| normal | line at right angles to a barrier |
| reflected wave | wave that bounces back from a barrier |
| reflection | bouncing back of a wave after striking a barrier |
| refraction | bending of a wave as it moves from one medium to another |
| doppler effect | the change in pitch caused by the object making the sound moving toward then away from you |
| sound wave | a type of longitudinal wave |
| electromagnetic wave | a type of wave that can travel through a vacuum |
| water wave | a type of transverse wave |
| diffraction | the bending of waves as they pass through a barrier |
| Interference | the combining of waves to produce a single wave |
| constructive interference | the combining of waves with an increase in amplitude |
| destructive interference | the combining of waves with a decrease in amplitude |
| standing wave | a wave consisting of loops and points without vibration |
| node | the part of a standing wave in which there is not vibration |
| antinode | the part of a standing wave produced by constructive interference |
| wave speed | waves moving through the same medium always have the same ______ |
