| A | B |
|---|
| endocrine | glandular system that uses hormones to direct body functions |
| hormone | chemical messenger made in an endocrine gland |
| hypothalamus | gland in the brain that directs the secretions of the pituitary gland |
| pituitary | master gland in the brain that stimulates growth and reproduction |
| pineal | gland in the brain that controls sleep, aging, reproduction and body temperature |
| thyroid | gland in the neck region that controls metabolic processes |
| parathyroid | gland behind the thyroid that controls release of calcium from the skeleton |
| thymus | gland in the chest that matures immune system cells |
| pancreas | gland in the abdomen that makes insulin |
| adrenal | glands on top of the kidneys that produce adrenaline |
| testes | male sex glands that produce sperm and testosterone |
| ovaries | female sex glands that release eggs and produce estrogen |
| adrenaline | fight or flight hormone |
| insulin | hormone that enables the body to process sugar |
| neuron | nerve cell |
| dendrites | extensions of the neuron cell body that are stimulated by neurotransmitters of another neuron |
| axon | structure that extends from the neuron cell body to the terminals |
| myelin | fatty sheath wrapped around the axon |
| axon_terminals | ends of a neuron that release neurotransmitters |
| synapse | space into which neurotransmitters are released |
| neurotransmitter | chemical released by the axon terminals to stimulate other neurons |
| glia | nervous system support cells |
| CNS | region of the nervous system comprised of the brain and spinal cord |
| PNS | region the nervous system outside the CNS |
| cerebrum | largest and most highly developed part of the human brain |
| cerebellum | brain region that is associated with regulation and coordination of movement, posture, and balance. |
| brainstem | brain regions responsible for basic vital life functions such as breathing, heartbeat, and blood pressure |
| lens | transparent disk tissue that focuses light onto the retina |
| pupil | opening or hole in the eye |
| iris | muscular tissue around the eye that regulates the size of the pupil |
| cornea | clear tissue that covers the front of the eyeball |
| retina | blood rich tissue made containing rods and cones |
| cone | photoreceptor cell that gives humans the perception of color |
| rod | photoreceptor cell that gives humans the perception of shapes |
| sclera | white covering of the eyeball |
| vitreous_humor | inside liquid in the eye |
| gland | tissue that makes and secretes hormones into the bloodstream |
