| A | B |
|---|
| John Dalton | English, 1600's,-- Concluded that atoms are indivisible and are solid spheres, Atoms of the same elements are identical, Atoms combine in fixed ratio's to form compounds |
| J. J. Thomson | English, 1800's-- Plum Pudding-- used crooks tube (Cathode Ray Tube), Concluded that atoms contain some particle that can travel, particle was negative, the rest was posotive |
| E. Rutherford | British, 1909-- Gold foil experement--> Alpha particle --> mass and are positively charged. Most of the atom is space, central solid part is small and is massive (has lots of mass), nucleus is positive (found nucleus) |
| N. Bhor | Danish, 1913-- Based theory on studies of light, e- are in well defined paths around the nucleus, continuous sprectrum vs. bright light spectrum, light given off due to e- absorbing energy and then releasing energy as light (close= low energy, far=high energy) |
| RBT. Hooke | English, 1600's-- 1st to observe and record cells (cork cells-->seing cell wall), coined the name "cell" |
| A. van Leeuwenhoek | Dutch, 1600's-1700's-- 1st to observe and record living cells, made his own microscopes, observed blood, skin, water microorganisms |
| RBT. Brown | Scottish, 1700's-- cell nucleus |
| T. Schwann | German, 1800's-- Animals are made of cells |
| M. Schleiden | German, 1800's-- Plants are made of cells |
| R. Virchow | German, 1800's-- Physician, "Epidemiologist", "All cells come from pre-existing cells, Introduced quarantines |
| M. Calvin | Calvin Cycle (repeating sequences) for Dark reactions |
| H. Krebs | Krebs Cycle (in respiration) |
| J. Watson and F. Crick | DNA structure-- Nucleotides--> 2 strands--> double helix--> N-Base, 5-C sugar, phosphate |
| F. Griffith | British, 1900's-- Transformation experement, Bacteria--> pneumonia causing |
| A. Hershey and M. Chase | Labled viruses with radioactive P and S (P on DNA, S on protiens), Allowed virus to infect bacteria, then detached labled viruses with blender, when new viruses exploded out of bacteria--> Had only P(radioactive) threrfore DNA is genetic material |
| O. Avery | American, 1940's-- Heat killed S--> destroyed protiens--> killed S - protiens + R = dead mouse, Heat killed S--> destroyed lipids--> S- Killed lipids + R= dead mouse, Heat killed S--> destroyed DNA-->S- killed DNA + R= live mouse, Concluded-- DNA from S(heat killed) transformed living R into living S therefore DNA is genetic material |
| M. Messelson and F. Stahl | Semi- conservative model of replication |
| E. Chargaff | %A=%T, %C=%G, %A‚%G |
| R. Franklin and M. Wilkins | Won the 1962 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine for advances in the study of DNA |
| C. Linneaus | Swedish, 1700-- Latin; Binomial nomenclature (unique 2- word name from the genus and species) |
| Aristotle | Greek, B.C.-- Animals-class by habitat |
| Theophrastus | Greek, B.C.-- Plants- class by stem structures; Herbs-soft, Shrubs-woody/mossy, Trees- stem/woody |
| Jhon Ray | British, 1600-- "Species", class by structures |
