| A | B |
|---|
| Charge | physical property of matter that can give rise to an electrical force of attraction or repulsian |
| Electric field | field around charged particles that exerts a force on other charged particles |
| Friction | forces that act in opposite directions of motion resulting in slowing down or stooping an object |
| Conduction | heat transfer through a substance of from one substance to another by direct contact of molecules |
| Conductor | material which permits electrons to flow freely or a material which transfers heat more easily than other substances |
| Insulator | material made up of atoms with tightly bound electrons that are unable to flow freely;they do not transfer heat easily |
| Induction | method of charging an object by rearanging its electrical charges into groups of positive and negative charge |
| Static electricity | a build up of charge which causes movement of charges from one object to another without further movement |
| Electric discharge | loss of static electricity |
| electroscope | a device with a metal rod with two thin metal sleeves used to detect radioactivity or charge |
| battery | a device that produces electricity by converting chemical energy into electrical energy (made of electrochemical cells) |
| Potential difference | difference in charge created by opposite posts of a battery |
| Thermocouple | a device that produces electrical energy from heat energy |
| Photocell | a device that uses electrons emittes from a metal during the photoelectric effect to produce a current |
| Photoelectric effect | process by which light can be used to knock electrons out of a metal |
| circuit | a complete pathway through which electricity can flow |
| Current | flow of an electric charge |
| Voltage | potential difference; energy carried by charges that make up a current |
| resistance | opposition to the flow of electricity measured in Ohms |
| superconductor | material in which resistance is essentially zero at certain temperatures |
| Ohm's law | an electrical that states that a current in a wire (I) is equal to the voltage (V) divided by the resistance (R) I=V/R or V=I*R |
| Direct current | a current that consistsof electrons that flow constantly in one direction (DC) |
| Alternating current | a current in which the electrons reverse their direction regularly |
| Series circuit | a circuit in which all parts are connected one after another; if one part fails to operate, the circuit cannot flow |
| Parallel circuit | circuit in which different parts are on seperate branches; if one part fails, the current can still flow through the others |
| Fuse | a thin metal protector strip wich will melt if the current flowing through gets to high |
| Circuit breaker | a reusable device that protects a cicuit; these devices replace fuses |
| Power | rate at which work is done of energy is used. P(power)=V(voltage)*I(current) |
