| A | B |
|---|
| kinetic theory | an explanation of the behavior of molecules in matter stating that all matter is made of constantly moving particles that collide without losing much energy. |
| melting point | temperature at which a solid begins to liquefy |
| heat of fusion | amount of energy required to change a substance from the solid phase to the liquid phase |
| boiling point | the temperature at which the pressure of the vapor in the liquid is equal to the external pressure |
| heat of vaporization | the amount of energy required for a liquid at its boiling point to become a gas. |
| diffusion | spreading of particles throughout a given volume until they are uniformly distributed. |
| plasma | matter consisting of positively and negatively charged particles |
| thermal expansion | increase in the size of a substance when the temperature is increased |
| evaporation | vaporization that occurs at the surface of a liquid and can occur at temperatures below the liquid's boiling point |
| condensation | process in which a gas becomes a liquid or solid, usually because of lowered temperature |
| amorphous solids | solids that lack the highly ordered structure found in crystals |
| buoyancy | the ability of a fluid( liquid or gas) to exert an upward force on a object immersed in the fluid. |
| pressure | the amount of force exerted per unit area; SI unit of pressure is the pascal |
| viscosity | a fluid's resistance to flow |
| Archimedes' principle | the buoyant force on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object |
| Pascal's principle | pressure applied to a fluid is transmitted throughout the fluid |
| Bernoulli's principle | as the velocity of a fluid increases, the pressure exerted by the fluid decreases. |
| pascal | SI unit of pressure |
| Boyle's law | if you decrease the volume of a gas and hold the temperature constant, the pressure of gas increase |
| Charles's law | the volume of gas increases with increasing temperature, as long as pressure does not change. |
