| A | B |
|---|
| crust | the layer of rock that forms Earth's outer surface |
| metamorphic | a type of rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by heat, pressure or chemical reactions |
| deposition | the process by which sediment settles out of the water or wind that is carrying it |
| magma | the molten mixture of rock-forming substances, gases and water from the mantle |
| epicenter | the point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus |
| focus | the point beneath earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and causes an earthquake |
| sedimentary | a type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together |
| transform boundary | a plate boundary where two plates slide past each other in opposite directions |
| igneous | a type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface |
| lava | liquid magma that reaches the surface |
| fault | a break in Earth's crust (but is not a plate boundary) |
| mantle | the layer of hot, solid material between Earth's crust and core |
| tectonic plates | the pieces of lithosphere that "float" on top of the asthenosphere (moving part of the mantle) |
| erosion | the destructive process in which water or wind loose and carry away fragments of rock |
| plate tectonics | the theory that pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in constant motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle |
| convergent boundary | a plate boundary where two plates move toward each other |
| seismic waves | a vibration that travels through Earth carrying the energy released during an earthquake |
| tsunamis | a large wave produced by an earthquake on or near the ocean floor |
| divergent boundary | a plate boundary where two plates move away from each other |
| weathering | the gradual destruction of rock due to physical or chemical processes |
