| A | B |
|---|
| Thumbnail Sketch | a rough sketch used to plan the layout of a document |
| Focus | an element that draws the audience's attention |
| White Space | background area where no text or graphics appear |
| Cropping | "cuts" unwanted parts of a graphic element |
| Balance | distribution of design elements on a page |
| Symmetrical | balancing similar elements equally |
| Asymmetrical | balancing contrasting elements on a page |
| Harmony | Rule of Thirds - using a "grid" that breaks a layout into thirds |
| Proportion | sizing elements (text, graphics) in relation to their importance |
| Contrast | the difference in lightness and darkness on a page |
| Directional Flow | positioning elements to draw the reader's eye through the document |
| Z Pattern | viewing/reading a document from left to right and down the page |
| Alignment | positioning elements in order to establish a strong visual connection (R, L, C, J) |
| Consistency | uniformity among design elements |
| Color | important tool for communicating a message (used for focus, contrast, consistency) |
| Theme | Sets of unified formatting choices that affect color, fonts, and effects |
