| A | B |
|---|
| Break in rock caused by tension forces, where rock above the fault surfaces moves down relative to the rock below the fault surface | Normal fault |
| Vibrations produced when rocks break along a fault. | Earthquake |
| Surface along which rocks move when they pass their elastic limit and break | Fault |
| Break in rock caused by compressive forces, where rock above the fault surface moves upward relative to the rock below the fault surface | Reverse fault |
| Break in rock caused by shear forces where rocks move past each other without much vertical movement. | Strike-slip fault |
| Wave generated by an earthquake | Seismic wave |
| In an earthquake, the point below Earth's surface where energy is released in the form of seismic waves | Focus |
| Seismic wave that moves rock particles back- and-forth in the same direction that the wave travels | Primary wave |
| Seismic wave that moves rock particles at right angles to the direction of the wave | Secondary wave |
| Seismic wave that moves rock particles up and down in a backward rolling motion and side to side in a swaying motion | Surface wave |
| Point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus | Epicenter |
| Instrument used to register earthquake waves and record the time that each arrived | Seismograph |
| Measure of the energy released during an earthquake | Magnitude |
| Occurs when wet soil acts more like a liquid during an earthquake | Liquefaction |
| Seismic sea wave that begins over an earthquake focus and can be highly destructive when it crashes on shore | Tsunami |
