| A | B |
|---|
| Jedediah Smith | famous mountain man |
| mountain man | fur trapper or explorer who opened up the West by finding the best trails through the Rocky Mountains |
| Jim Beckwourth | Mountain man born in slavery & set free by his owner |
| land speculator | a person who buys huge areas of land for a low price and then sells off small sections of it at high prices. |
| Santa Fe Trail | trail that began in Missouri and ended in Santa Fe, New Mexico |
| Oregon Trail | trail that ran westward from Independence, Missouri, to the Oregon Territory |
| Mormon | member of a church founded by Joseph Smith in 1830, they settled in Utah |
| Brigham Young | Mormon leader that moved his people west to Utah which was then part of Mexico |
| Stephen Austin | founded a colony in Texas |
| Tejano | people of Spanish heritage who consider Texas their home |
| Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna | President of Mexico |
| Sam Houston | in command of the Texas army |
| William Travis | in command at the Alamo |
| Juan Sequin | leader of a Tejano revolt against Mexico |
| Battle of the Alamo | in 1836, Texans defended a church called the Alamo against the Mexican army; all but five Texans were killed |
| Lone Star Republic | nickname of the republic of Texas, given in 1836 |
| James K. Polk | president of US during the War with Mexico |
| manifest destiny | belief that the US was destined to stretch across the continent from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean |
| Zachary Taylor | a top military leader in the War with Mexico |
| Bear Flag Revolt | 1846 rebellion by Americans rebelled against against Mexican rule in California |
| Winfield Scott | US General that captured Mexico City & won the War with Mexico |
| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo | 1848 treaty ending the US war with Mexico; Mexico ceded nearly one-half of its land to the US |
| Mexican Cession | a vast region given up by Mexico after the War with Mexico; it included the present-day states of California,Nevada,Utah, most of Arizona, and parts of New Mexico, Colorado, and Wyoming |
| forty-niner | a person who went to California to find gold, starting in 1849 |
| Californio | settlers of Spanish or Mexican descent in California |
| Mariano Vallejo | important Californio that lost all his land |
| John Sutter | Swiss immigrant that own land in California |
| James Marshall | discoverd gold at Sutter's mill in California |
| California gold rush | in 1849,large numbers of people moved to California because gold had been discovered there. |
