| A | B |
|---|
| Famine | When there is not enough food to eat and people starve. |
| Exile | when a person or group of people is forced to live in another place or country against their will |
| Judaism | The religion of the Hebrews. |
| Canaan | The “Promised Land” (from God to Abraham) where the Hebrews were to start a mighty nation. |
| Abraham | Father of the Hebrews. God told him to leave his home in Mesopotamia and to take his family on a long journey to a new land (Canaan). God promised Abraham that his descendants (the Hebrews) would start a mighty nation. |
| Covenant | An agreement or promise. |
| Descendent | A daughter or son, granddaughter or grandson, and so on. (Future generations). |
| Isaac | The son of Abraham and Sarah. Jews and Christians believe that he was brought to the top of the rock |
| Ishmael | The son of Abraham and Hagar. (Isaac’s half brother). Muslims believe that he, not Isaac, was the son who was brought to the top of the mountain to be sacrificed to God. Jews believe that Ishmael’s descendants are the Arabs. |
| Moses | The leader of the Hebrews in Egypt who asks the Pharaoh to free his people. He leads his people out of slavery in Egypt on a journey known as the Exodus. |
| Plague | A terrible disaster affecting many people and thought to be sent by God as a punishment. |
| Prophet | A person who speaks or interprets for God to other people. |
| Exodus | The Hebrews’ journey out of slavery in Egypt that was led by Moses. |
| Ten Commandments | A code of moral laws engraved on two stone tablets that according to the Torah, were given to Moses by God on top of Mount Sinai. |
| David | A popular King of Israel who defeated Goliath and the Philistines. |
| Solomon | David’s son, who became the King of Israel and built a great temple to God in Jerusalem |
| Israel | The Kingdom of Israel split into two kingdoms: Israel and Judah. The people of Israel became known as the Israelites. Israel was eventually conquered by the Assyrians. |
| Judah | Israel split into two kingdoms: Israel and Judah. The people of Judah became known as Jews. Judah was eventually conquered by the Chaldeans. |
| Diaspora | The scattering of the Jews outside of Canaan. |
| Maccabees | A Jewish family that led a successful revolt in the 160s BC. |
| Esther | A Jewish woman living in the Persian Empire. The king made her his wife. She saved her people by revealing her identity! |
| Ruth | The daughter-in-law of Naomi. Jewish girls learned the importance of family love and devotion from this story from the Book of Ruth. |
| Naomi | The mother -in-law of Ruth. Jewish girls learned the importance of family love and devotion from this story from the Book of Ruth. |
| Monotheism | The belief in only one god |
| Torah | The most sacred text of Judaism. |
| Synagogue | Jewish house of worship. |
| Tanach | A collection of writings consisting of three parts. Often referred to as the Hebrew Bible |
| Deborah | A judge who saved the Hebrew people from their enemies. |
| Talmud | A set of commentaries, stories, and folklore. The writings of the Talmud were produced between AD 200 and 600. |
| Dead Sea Scrolls | Writings by Jews who lived 2,000 years ago. Included prayers, commentaries, letters, and passages from the Hebrew Bible |
| Zealots | The most rebellious group of Jews living under Roman rule. Believed that Jewish people only had to answer to God. They refused to obey Roman laws. Revolted against the Romans in 66 AD. |
| Rabbis | Religious teachers of Judaism |
| Passover | A Jewish holiday that honors the Exodus. Families share a special meal called a Seder. |
| High Holy Days | The two most sacred days of the Jewish calendar. |
| Islam | a monotheistic religion based on the messages Muhammad is believed to have received from God |
| Mohammed | a prophet. Founder of Islam, he spread Islam’s teachings to the people of Arabia. His teachings make up the Qu’ran. |
| Jesus | Founder of Christianity, he taught about kindness and love for God. His teachings spread throughout the Roman Empire and the world. |
| Christianity | A religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth. |
