| A | B |
|---|
| Hypoxia | inadequate oxygen supply to the cells and tissues of the body |
| Shock | medical emergency in which the organs and tissues of the body are not receiving an adequate flow of blood |
| Tachycardia | increased heart rate |
| Tachypnea | increased respiratory rate |
| Triage | process of determining the priority of patients' treatments based on the severity of their condition |
| Cardiogenic shock | results from heart failure |
| Distributive shock | caused by inadequate blood flow |
| Obstructive shock | caused by physical obstruction within the circulatory system |
| Hypovolemic shock | results from decreased blood volume |
| Anaphylactic shock | Acute systemic reaction to an allergen or antigen that triggers the release of chemicals from inflammatory cells |
| Third space loss | space between cells; loss of fluids into interstitial & out of intravascular spaces; fluids are going to where they should not be (peritoneum, peripheral edema, pleura) |
| SpO2 | measures hemoglobin (Hb) saturation as % of oxygen bound to Hb |
| CVP | Central venous pressure; Measures heart’s ability to pump fluids that are returned to it as well as the relationship of the blood volume to the blood volume capacity |
| Buretrol | type of infusion device that holds limited quantities of IV fluids or medications |
| Chemosis | edema/swelling of conjunctiva |
| Colloids | solutions with high molecular weight solutes that cannot exit intravascular space |
| Cystalloids | electrolyte solutions that can exit intravascular space |
| Dehydration | Decrease in total body water; affects all fluid compartments |
| Diuresis | increased formation/excretion of urine by the kidney |
| Hypovolemia | Decrease in blood volume; affects intravascular space only |
| Intramedullary | intraosseous |
| Isosthennuria | condition in chronic renal disease in which the kidneys cannot form urine with a higher or a lower specific gravity than that of protein-free plasma |
| Oncotic pressure | also called 'colloid osmotic pressure', is the 'pulling force', pulling fluids from the surrounding tissue into the capillaries |
| Skin turgor | pliability of skin |
| Tonicity | osmotic pressure or tension of a solution, usually relative to that of blood; the effective osmotic pressure equivalent |
| Consolidation | occurs when the normally air filled lung parenchyma becomes engorged with fluid or tissue, most commonly in pneumonia |
| ICF | intracellular space |
| ECF | extracellular space; includes intravascular & interstitial |
| Intravascular space | Space within the blood vessels |
| Interstitial space | Space around the cells but outside the vessels |
| Agglutination | visible clumping of the RBCs and indicates incompatibility |
| Alloantibodies | Antibodies that occur naturally against foreign tissue from same species; same as isoantibodies |
| Hemoglobinemia | presence of excessive hemoglobin in plasma; plasma takes on red color due to hemolysis & release of Hb |
| Hemoglobinuria | presence of hemoglobin in urine due to intravascular hemolysis; urine becomes red tinged |
| Isoerythrolysis | A condition in which red blood cells are destroyed by isoantibodies |
| Canine universal blood donor types | DEA 1.1 negative and DEA 4 |
| Feline universal recipient blood type | AB |
| Cross matching | To document blood compatibility; Mix a drop of donor plus drop of recipient blood and watch for agglutination |
| Atelectasis | alveolar collapse |
| Brachycephalic syndrome | refers to the combination of elongated soft palate, stenotic nares, and everted laryngeal saccules |
| Capnography | monitoring of the concentration or partial pressure of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the respiratory gases |
| Oxygenation | process of providing or combining or treating with oxygen |
| Tidal Volume | normal volume of air moved in & out of lungs during normal inspiration and expiration result of gas |
| Ventilation | exchange of air between the lungs and the environment, including inhalation and exhalation |
| Acute pain | sudden, severe pain |
| Chronic pain | prolonged and persistent |
| Nociceptors | pain receptors |
