| A | B |
|---|
| Activation energy | amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction |
| Allosteric enzyme | an enzyme whose shape can be alltered by the binding of a signal molecule to its surface |
| autotroph | orgamism that obtains energy from sunlight or chemicals |
| catalysis | process of increasing a chemical reaction rate through the action of a catalyst |
| cellular respiration | process by which living thinhs obtain energy form the bonds of food molecules |
| Chemical reaction | process by which the atoms of one or more molecules are rearranged to form molecules of one or more new substances |
| catalyst | material that speeds up a chemical reaction without beib=ng used itself |
| Biochemical pathway | series of enzyme catalyzed reactions that perform a specific function |
| Allosteric site | the site where the signal molecule binds to an allosteric enzyme's surface |
| Active site | site on an enzyme that attaches to a substrate |
| Chemosyntyhesis | production of organic compounds using energy contained in inorganic molecules |
| closed system | in htermodynamics a system where no enery or matter can leave or enter |
| coenzyme | nonprotien molecule that assist an enzymein carrying out a reactio |
| coupled reactoin | endergonic reaction that is driven by the splitting of ATP molecules |
| endregonic reaction | reaction that absorbs free energy |
| energy | capacity for doin work |
| entropy | amount of disorder in a system |
| enzyme | protien that catalyzes a chemical reaction |
| exergonic reaction | a reaction that releases free energy |
| feedback inhibition | negative feedback mechanism in which the end product of a metabolic pathway inhibits an enzyme that catalyzes a reaction previous in hte pathway |
| 1st law of thermodynamics | no energy can be created or destroyed onlly changed from one form to another |
| free energy | amount of energy available for work |
| heterotroph | organism that cannot make its own food |
| kinectic energy | energy of an object due to its motion |
| metabolism | sum of all chemical processes ocurring in an organism |
| NAD+ | oxidized form of a coenzyme that acts as an electron carrier in oxidation reduction reactions of a cells metabolism |
| NADH | reduced form of NAD+ |
| open system | a system that exchanges energy and matter with its surroundings |
| oxidation | loss of electrons by an atom or molecule |
| oxidation readuction reaction | chemical reaction in which electrons are passed from one atom or molecule to another |
| phototsynthesis | process by which an organism uses light energy to produse ATP and other organic molecules for inorganic molecules |
| potential energy | the energy an object has because of its position |
| product | new substance formed as a result od a chemical reaction |
| reactant | substance that is the starting material in a chemical reaction |
| reduction | gain of electrons by an atom or molecule |
| 2nd law of thermdynamics | disorder increases continuously in a closed system |
| substrate | the molecule on which the enzyme acts |
| system | a collection of related objects that can be studied |
| thermodynamics | study of energy transformations |
