| A | B |
|---|
| greatest depth of field on the microscope | scanning power |
| what happens to the letter e under the microscope | upside down and backwards |
| begin examining slides with | scanning power objective |
| to fine focua an image use | the fine adjustment knob |
| never use coarse adjustment | with high power objective |
| to find reducing sugars what is the test | benedicts |
| to find lipids what is the test | sudan IV |
| to find starches what is the test | IKI |
| polar | dissolves in water |
| non polar | doesn not dissolve in water |
| positive color for the IKI test | blue/ black |
| positive test color for sudan IV | bright red or doesn't dissolve |
| positive test color for benedicts test | green-reddish brown |
| the effect of amylase on starch is an example of what kind of reaction | hydrolysis |
| the negative control is almost always | distilled water |
| In the buiret test what clor change indicated digestion had taken place | pink |
| biurets test negative color is | blue |
| biurets test positive color is | purple/pink |
| biurets tests tests for | proteins |
| the dependant variable is | what is measured at the end of an experiment |
| the independant variable | is what can be changed |
| negative control shows | where you expect no result |
| positve control shows | where you expect to see a result |
| what 3 things need to be present for digestion | albumin, HCI, & pepsin |
| why extraction reagent was used with strawberry DNA | to break the phospholipid bilayer |
| the reason cold alcohol was used with strawberry DNA | the DNA would clump on the glass rod |
| what does strawberry DNA look like | thread |
| what dishe diphenylamine reagent test for | DNA |
| dische negative test color | clear |
| dische positive test color | blue |
| IKI negative test color | amber |
| test that indicates reducing sugars | benedicts |
| test for proteins | biuret |
| in humans where PTN digestion first begins | stomach |
| what enzyme is involved in digestion | pepsin |
| in digestion what pH environment does it need | acidic |
| test for starches | IKI |
| test for lipids | sudan IV |
| test for DNA | dische |
| enzymes are what kind of macromolecule | proteins |
| meaning of enzyme specific | enzymes will only bind W/ specific substrates |
| enzymes speed up | metabolic reactions |
| why did we use potato in our experiments | it was a source of catalase |
| event at the active site of an enzyme | where the enzyme and substrate complex |
| dependant variable in the catalase experiment | oxygen bubbles |
| what happens to a protein when it is denatured | changes shape |
| 2 things that cause an enzyme to become denatured | boiled and frozen |
| substrate | substance on which an enzyme reacts |
| positive control contains | variable for which you are testing |
| negative control | does not contain the variable for which you are testing |
| lipids are | non polar and insoluable in water |
| controls are | known solutions |
| 3 or more monosaccharides form a | polysaccharide |
| no color change is a | negative result |
| adding water to a molecule | hydrolysis |
| the function of renin | to solidify milk |
| when an enzyme is denatured what is changed | 3D shape |
| reactants are molecules that undergo a | change |
| substrate | reactants in an enzymatic chemical reaction |
| ase means | enzyme |
| reactants result in | products |
| the substrate for catalase | hydrogen peroxide |
| in our exp. the amount of bubbling | = the degree of enzyme activity |
| chloroplasts are what color | green |
| the central vacule is filled with this | water |
| the function of amyplasts in potatoes | stores starch |
| paramecium is shaped like a | slipper |
| where chlorphyll pigment is | thylakoids |
| prokaryotes do not have this | nucleus |
| eukaryotes have this | nucleus |
| shape of an amoeba | irregular |
| amoebas move | slow w/ pseudopodia |
| paramecium move | fast w/ cilia |
| chlorophyll traps energy from | the sun for photosynthesis |
| middle lamella aka | cell glue or pectin |
| independant variable is graphed on the | x axis |
| the dependant variable is graphed on the | y axis |
| depth of field is the | thickness of the object in sharp focus |
| the angle of the coverslip for a slide | 45 degrees |
| negative control contains | the solvent |
| in the benedicts sol. green indicates | a small amount of reducing sugar |
| enzyme that starts the digestion of starch in your mouth | amylase |
| glucose and maltose are | reducing sugars |
| sugar for DNA | deoxyribose |
| in the dische for DNA the darker the color means | higher concentration of DNA |
| amino acids are building blocks of | proteins |
| chemical reactions that occur in the cell | metabolism |
| what happens during degradative reactions | substrate is broken down into products |
| what happens during a synthetic reaction | substrates are joined to form a product |
| enzymes are | proteins |
| enzymes are used | over and over again |
| warm temps increase enzyme activity because | they increase effective collisions |
| in the bubbling exp. more enzymes mean | more bubbling |
| in the bubbling exp. more substrate means | less bubbling |
| 3 conditions that maximize enzyme reactions | warm temp., optimum ph, and more time |
| renin is found in | cows stomach's and newborns |
| plasmolysis process in plant cells where the | cytoplasm pulls away from the cell due to loss of water |
| hypertonic is a solution that has | increased salt - more than inside the cell |
| in a hypertonic solution cells | shrivel up and lose weight |
| hyper means | greater than |
| hypo means | less than |
| iso means | equal to |
| in a hypotonic solution cells | cells take in water, gain weight and can burst |
| in a hypotonic solution the environment is | less salty than inside the cell |
| lysis | when cells burst |
| in an isotonic cell there is the | same salt concentration inside and outside cell |
| hypertonic the cell | shrivels up and loses weight |
| hypotonic the cell | gains weight |
| isotonic the cell's weight | stays the same |
| a healthy plant is | hypotonic |
