| A | B |
|---|
| saltwater (marine) zone | coral reefs, coastlines, coastal marshes, estuaries, oceans, mangrove swamps |
| freshwater zone | streams, rivers, ponds, lakes and inland wetlands |
| photic or euphotic zone | water's surface to about 100 feet below the surface where sunlight penetrates |
| turbidity | suspended materials (sediment) can cause the water to be cloudy and decrease the depth of the photic zone |
| dissolved oxygen | oxygen mixed into water; put into water by wind, currents, plants, and micro-organisms |
| factors that affect amount of dissolved oxygen | temperature, number of producers, consumers, and decomposers |
| river waters contain what % dissolved salts | 0.01% |
| seawater contains an average of ____% dissolved slats | 3.5% |
| salinity | amount of dissolved salts in a volume of water |
| brackish water | water that is a mix of freshwater and saltwater |
| acid precipitation | precipitation due to sulfur and nitrogen oxides forming acids when they react with water in the atmosphere |
| acid mine drainage | pollution caused when acids and other toxic compounds wash into lakes and streams from mines |
| photic zone | the layer of water or depth to which ample light is recieved for photosynthesis |
| aphotic zone | the region where there is insufficient light for photosynthesis, or to which light does not penetrate |
| benthic aone | the bottom of the body of water |
| lentic | standing water or still water |
| lotic | running or flowing water |
| wetlands | an area that is regularly wet or flooded where the water table stands at or above the land surface for at least part of the year. |
| 3 factors for identifying a wetland | 3 H's: (1) hydrology; (2) hydric soils; and (3)hydrophytic plants |
| hydrology | water must be present at some time during the year |
| hydric soils | soil being saturated with water at least on a periodic basis |
| anaerobic soil | lacking or absent of oxygen (happens when the soil is saturated for a longer period of time) |
| mottled soils | the appearance of splotches or patches of brown, black, orange, red or yellow are formed when soil has alternating periods of wet and dry and have little or no vegetation |
| marine wetlands | saltwater - ocean |
| estuarine wetlands | brackish water |
| riverine wetlands | associated with rivers and streams |
| lacustrine wetlands | associated with lakes |
| palustrine wetlands | associated with bogs, marshes, or swamps |
| hydrophytic vegetation | plants adapted to live with their root systems in water |
| often the most obvious indicator of a wetland | hydrophytic plants |
| hydrophytic plants (list) | sedges, rushes, cattails, spartina grass, and arrowhead |
