| A | B |
|---|
| Informal social sanctions: are unspoken rules and | expectations about people’s behavior. |
| Informal social sanctions help maintain a base level of order and cohesion in society and | form a foundation for formal social control. |
| Examples of formal social control include | laws and the authority of police officers. |
| Victor Rios discusses his research on | gangs and the policing of black and Latino boys. |
| Victor Rios discusses how opportunities helped him | "make it out of the ghetto” |
| Robert Merton’s strain theory argues that deviance | occurs when a society does not give all its members equal ability to achieve socially acceptable goals. |
| Conformists accept the goals of the society and | the means of achieving those goals |
| Innovators accept the goals of the society, but they look for | new, or innovative, ways of achieving those goals |
| Ritualists aren’t interested in the goals of the society, but they do accept | the means of achieving those goals. |
| Retreatists don’t accept the goals of the society or the means | of achieving those goals. |
| Rebels don’t accept the goals of the society or the means of achieving those goals, so they | create their own goals using new means. |
