| A | B |
|---|
| Guilded Age | time when reformers began taking steps to combat political corruption and special interest |
| Patronage | giving jobs to loyal supporters |
| James Garfield | president who believed that people should get jobs on the basis of merit; was killed by a person he did not give a public job to |
| civil service | includes all federal jobs except elected positions and the armed forces |
| Grover Cleveland | signed the Interstate Commerce Act |
| Boss William Tweed | never held public office, but was able to steal over $100 million from NYC |
| Muckrakers | crusading journalists who exposed corruption to the public (Tarbell-big business, Sinclair- meat packing) |
| Progressives | forward-thinking people who wanted to improve American life |
| public interest | good of the people |
| John Dewey | progressive educator who wanted schools to promote reform |
| Robert LaFollette | introduced the Wisconsin Idea that lowered train prices, etc. |
| Primaries | voters choose their party's candidate for general election |
| initiative | gave voters right to put a bill directly before the state legislature |
| referendum | allowed people to vote a bill into law during the next election |
| recall | allowed voters to remove an elected official in the middle of their term |
| Graduated Income Tax | taxes people from different income levels at different rates; supported by the progressives |
| Theodore Roosevelt | president responsible for Trustbusting, Square Deal, Protecting consumers and conservation |
| Trustbuster | people who wanted to destroy all trusts |
| Sqare Deal | Roosevelt's idea that all people should have equal opportunity to succeed |
| Pure Food and Drug Act | required food and drug makers to list ingredients on their packages |
| conservation | protection of natural resources |
| Woodrow Wilson | proposed New Freedom- breakup trusts and promote competition |
| Federal Trade Commision | had power to investigate companies and order them to stop using business practices that destroyed competition |
| Suffragist | people who campaigned for women's right to vote |
| 19th Amendment | gave women the right to vote |
| Temperance Movement | people against the use of alcoholic beverages |
| Frances Willard | a leader in the temperance movement who worked on laws banning alcohol |
| 18th Amendment | made it illegal to sell alcoholic drinks anywhere in the United States |
| Booker T. Washington | founded the Tuskegee Institute to achieve higher education for blacks--first black man since Frederick Doulglas to meet with a president |
| National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) | founded to fight for equal rights for African Americans |
| Henry Ford | Introduced the the production line which made mass production possible |
| Upton Sinclair | exposed the abuses of the meat packers industry in his book the Jungle |
| William Howard Taft | president who followed Teddy Roosevelt |
| William McKinley | assasinated president who Teddy Roosevelt replaced |
| Woodrow Wilson | defeated Teddy Roosevelt in the 1913 election; president in office during WWI |
