| A | B |
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| Which of the following quantities of alcoholic beverages have the least damaging effect on the liver? | All have the same amount of ethanol and therefore the similar effects on the liver |
| Essentially, the first law of thermodynamics states that: | Energy can be neither created nor destroyed |
| Mitosis and cytoplasmic division function in: | (growth, repair of damaged tissue, replacement of worn-out cells, asexual reproduction), ALL of these |
| Strictly speaking, mitosis and meiosis are divisions of the: | nucleus and chromosomes |
| Chromatids that are attached at the centromere are called what kinds of chromatids? | sister chromatids |
| The number of DNA molecules in a duplicated chromosome is: | 2 |
| DNA replication occurs: | between the gap phases of interphase |
| Chromosomes are duplicated during what portion of the cell cycle? | S |
| In mitosis, if a parent cell has 16 chromosomes, each daughter cell will have how many chromosomes? | 16 |
| Cells with two of each kind of chromosome are described by the term: | diploid |
| The chromosomes move to oposite poles during: | anaphase |
| The chromosomes arrive at opposite poles during: | telophase |
| What is the proper sequence for mitosis: | PMAT |
| Four of the five events listed below are stafes of actual nuclear division. Select the EXCEPTION | interphase |
| Sexual reproduction: | results in new combinations of genetic traits |
| Through meiosis: | (alternate forms of genes are shuffled, parental DNA is divided and distributed to forming gametes, the diploid chromosome number is reduced to haploid, offspring are provided with new gene combinations) ALL of these) |
| Homologous chromosomes: | (pair up during meiosis, have alleles for the same characteristics though the geme expression may not be the same, are in pairs, separate from each other during meiosis) ALL of these |
| Duplicated chromosomes linked together at the centromeres at the beginning of meiosis are appropriately called what kind of chromatids? | sister |
| Sister chromatids are separated from each other during: | anaphase II |
| Paired homologous chromosomes are found at the spindle equator during | metaphase I |
| Major gene reshuffling takes place during: | prophase I |
| Meiosis typically results in the production of | four haploid cells |
| Four of the five events listed below are related to pairing of chromosomes. Select the exception | independent assortment during anaphase I |
| In Mendel's time, most people believed that: | the characteristics of parents were blended in the ofspring |
| A gene locus is | the location of an allele on a chromosome |
| Diploid organisms | (have corresponding alleles on homologous chromosomes, are usually the result of of the fusion of two haploid gametes, have two sets of chromosomes, have pairs of homologous chromosomes) ALL of these |
| The most accurate description of organisms with genotype AaBb is: | heterozygous |
| Hybrid organisms produced from a cross between two pure-breeding organisms belong to which generations? | F1 |
| In a Punnett square, the letters within the little boxes represent: | offspring genotypes |
| Short hair (L) is dominant to long hair (l). If a short-haired animal of unknown origin is crossed with a long-haired animal and they produce one long-haired and one short-haired offspring, this indicates that: | the short-haired animal is not pure-breeding |
| Individuals with the genotype Gg Hh Ii Jj will produce how many different kinds of gametes | 16 |
| Some dogs have erect ears; others have drooping ears. Some dogs bark when following a scent; others are silent. Erect ears and barking are due to dominent alleles located on different chromosomes. If two dyhybrids are crossed: | All droopy eared, silent offspring are pure-breeding |
| Some dogs have erect ears; others have drooping ears. Some dogs bark when following a scent; others are silent. Erect ears and barking are due to dominent alleles located on different chromosomes. A dog homozygous for both dominant traits is mated to a droopy-eared, silent follower. The expected phenotypic ration in the F1 generation is: | 100 percent of one phenotype |
| Blood types (A, B, and O) are controlled by: | multiple alleles |
| The number of different alleles for ABO blood types in the total human population is: | 3 |
| Susan, a mother with type B blood, has a child with type O blood. She claims that Craig, who has type A blood, is the father. He claims he cant be the father. Further blood tests ordered by the judge reveal that Craig is AA. THe Judge rules that: | Craig is right and doesn't have to pay child support |
| If a child belonged to blood type O, he or she could not have been produced by which set of parents? | type AB mother and type O father |
| Roan cattle are heterozygous hybrids of a cross between a white individual and a red individual. If a roan bull were crossed with a red cow, their offspring would show which of the following ratios? | 1 red: 1 roan |
| Coat color in one breed of mice is controlled by incompletely dominant alleles to that yellow and white are homozygous while cream is heterozygous. The cross of two cream individuals will produce: | Equal numbers of white and yellow mice, with twice as many creams as the two other colors |
| An incompletely dominant gene controls the color of chickens so that BB produces black, Bb produces a slate-gray color called blue, and bb produces splashed white. A second gene controls comb shape, with the dominant gene, R producing a rose comb and r producing a single comb. If a pure-breeding, black chicken with a rose comb is mated to a splashed white chicken with a single comb, in the F2 generation, what fraction of the offspring will be black with rose comb? | 3/16 |
| Chromosomes other than those involved in sex determination are known as: | autosomes |
| An X-linked carrier is a: | heterozygous female |
| A human X-linked gene is: | found on the X chromosome |
| Red-green color blindness is an X-linked recessive trait in humans. A color-blind woman and a man with normal vision have a son. What is the probability that the son is color blind? | 100 percent |
| If a daughter expresses an X-linked recessive gene, she inherited the trait from: | both parents |
| An autosomal recessive disorder: | will appear only in children of parents who both carry the gene |
| With respect to chromosomes, the difference between normal human males and females is defined by which of the following? | males posses an X and a Y |
| Concerning the sex chromosomes, which of the following is correct? | the X chromosome carries more genes for nonsexual traits than does the Y |
| A woman heterozygous for color blindness (an X-linked recessive allele) marries a man with normal vision. What is the probability that their first child is color blind | 25 percent |
