| A | B |
|---|
| oxidation | loss of electrons or H- atoms |
| reduction | gain of electrons or H-atoms |
| oxygen | final electron acceptor in respiration |
| glycolysis | splitting of glucose into 2 molecules of pyruvate |
| chemiosmosis | release of ATP through flow of electrons to generate a H+ gradient |
| ATP synthase | enzyme that uses the H+ gradient to make ATP |
| pyruvate | 3-Carbon molecule |
| acetyl CoA | 2-Carbon molecule that enters the Kreb's cycle |
| NAD+ | electron carrier in glycolysis and Kreb's cycle |
| FAD | electron carrier found in the Kreb's cycle only |
| substrate level phosphorylation | making ATP using a molecule other than the electron transport |
| Kreb's cycle | second phase of cellular respiration that yields ATP and more electron carriers |
| oxidative phosphorylation | making ATP using oxygen and the electron transport system |
| electron transport system | series of enzymes embedded in the mitachondrial membrane that pass electrons and form ATP using chemiosmosis |
| matrix | area of the mitochondria where Kreb's Cycle occurs |
| mitochondria | organelle where most of cell respiration occurs |
| cytochromes | iron-containing enzymes in the ETS |
| proton-motive force | a chemical and electrical gradient caused by chemiosmosis |
| fermentation | alternate pathway if oxygen is not available |
| lactic acid | formed by fermentation in muscle cells without oxygen |
