| A | B |
|---|
| matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| properties of matter | identified by color, size, shape, texture, smell, taste |
| three states of matter | solid, liquid, and gas |
| water | substance found naturally in all three states |
| ice | water in the solid form |
| gas | water vapor |
| solid | matter that has a definite shape and usually takes up a definite amount of space |
| solid | Its particles are packed closely together, but do not change places with one another |
| liquid | matter that does not have a definite shape, but takes up a definite amount of space |
| liquid | particles are not held tightly together and slide past one another |
| gas | will expand to fill whatever space is available |
| gas | particles are very far apart and move in all directions--faster than a solid |
| mass | the measure of the amount of matter in an object |
| add matter or take it away | the only way to change the total mass of an object |
| metric units | what scientists use to measure and compare matter |
| weight | measurement that depends on the force of gravity |
| volume | the amount of space that matter takes up |
| mass | measurement that does NOT depend on the force of gravity |
| volume | unit of measure figured by taking length times width times heighth |
| graduated cylinder | used to measure the volume of a liquid and solids that sink in water |
| cm3 | metric units used to measure the volume of solids |
| mL | metric units used to measure the volume of a liquid |
| density | the amount of mass in a certain volume of matter |
| density | mass divided by volume |
| cubic centimeter | unit of measure used for density |
| density | determines whether an object will float or sink in a liquid |
| bottom | where the substances with the greatest density are in a cylinder |
| top | where the substances with the least density are in a cylinder |
| mixture | a combination of two or more substances which can be separated |
| solution | one or more substances are dissolved in another substance |
| solute | dissolved substance |
| solvent | the substance that takes in, or dissolves the other substance |
| solubility | a measure of the amount of a substance that will dissove in another substance |
| solute and solvent | the parts of a solution |
| temperature and size of particles | factors that affect the solubility of a substance |
| physical change | a change in size, shape, or state of matter |
| energy | What causes the particles of a substance to be in one phase rather than another? |
| phase changes | examples of physical changes that can be reversed by adding or removing energy |
| boiling point | the temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas |
| melting point | the temperature at which a substance melts |
| chemical change | particles of one substance are changed in some way to form particles of a new substance with different properties |
| elements | the simplest pure substances are called this |
| Periodic Table | chart of elements |
| solubility | the ability of one substance to dissolve in another substance |
| density | The property that compares the mass of an object with its volume |
| solvent | In a solution, this is the substance that takes in, or dissolves the other substance |
| solute | The substance in a solution that is dissolved |
| mixture | The quarters, dimes, nickels, and pennies in a coin purse are this |
| chemical change | New substances with different properties are formed by this |
| solution | In this, substances are dissolved in other substances |
| triple beam balance and pan balance | used to measure mass |
| formula for mass | 1,000 grams = 1 kilogram |
| ruler | used to measure solids |
| containers to hold objects or liquid | used to measure density |
