| A | B |
|---|
| amplitude | half the distance between the crest and the trough |
| wavelength | the distance from the top of one crest to the top of the next crest |
| frequency | the number of wavelengths that pass a given point in one second |
| wave speed | product of frequency and wavelength |
| reflection | waves striking an object or surface and bouncing off |
| refraction | waves bending as they move from one medium to another |
| diffraction | bending of waves around a barrier |
| constructive interference | when two waves combine to form a larger wave |
| destructive interference | when two waves combine to form a smaller wave |
| loudness | human perception of how much energy a sound wave carries |
| pitch | how high or low a sound is |
| echo | reflected sound wave |
| Doppler effect | change in frequency that occurs when a source of sound is moving relative to a listener |
| natural frequency | frequency at which an object vibrates when disturbed based on its shape, size, and material |
| resonance | an object vibrating at its natural frequencies by absorbing energy from a sound wave or another object vibrating at these frequencies |
| fundamental frequency | lowest frequency produced by a vibrating object |
| overtone | multiples of the fundamental frequency |
| reverberation | repeated echoes of sound |
