| A | B |
|---|
| skeleton | framework of all the bones in body |
| vertebrae | small bones that make up the backbone |
| joint | place where 2 bones join |
| ligament | connective tissue that holds bones together in movable joints |
| cartilage | tissue that covers and cushions ends of movable bones |
| compact bone | Hard, dense area just under the outside of bones |
| spongy bone | lightweight, strong area inside bone |
| marrow | inside area of some bones that produces blood cells and stores fat |
| osteoporosis | tiny holes in bones that make them brittle and weak |
| functions of skeleton | allows movement and protection; also produces blood cells and stores minerals |
| what do joints do | holds bones together and allows movement |
| structure of bones | compact bone, spongy bone, marrow |
| number of bones in newborn | 275 |
| number of bones in adult | 206 |
| number of vertebrae | 26 |
| immovable joint | allow little or no movement |
| movable joint | allow the body to move |
| hinge joint | allows forward or backward motion; example- knee, elbow |
| ball-and-socket joint | allows movement in a circle: example- hip, shoulder |
| pivot joint | allows one bone to rotate around another; example- turning head from side to side |
| gliding joint | allows one bone to slide over another slightly; example- wrist, ankle |
| red marrow | makes blood cells |
| yellow marrow | stores fat |
| minerals in bones | mostly phosphorus and calcium |
| necessary for healthy bones | regular exercise and healthy foods |
| good sources of phosphorus | meats, whole grains, leafy green vegetables |
| good sources of calcium | milk, cheese, yogurt, other dairy products |
