| A | B |
| abolitionist | a person who believed in the abolition of slavery |
| artillery | large powerful weapons such as cannon or mortars |
| assassination | murder of a prominent person such as a president |
| battery | a unit of four or six cannons |
| battle | large-scale combat between two armed forces |
| blockade | using naval forces to close off a city or other area to traffic and communication |
| border states | slave owning states that did not secede from the Union: Delware, Kentucky, Maryland, Missouri |
| cartridge box | a leather box in which the soldier carried his rounds or bullets |
| casualty | a person killed, wounded, captured, or missing during the war |
| cavalry | soldiers mounted on horseback fighting as a unit |