| A | B |
|---|
| early successional | Describes a species adapted to the beginning or early stages of biotic succession. The first species to invade a cleared area |
| ecotone | A land area where two different succession layers come together; edge. Good wildlife habitat |
| edaphic | Relating to soil |
| edge effect | The tendency of wildlife to use the areas where two different vegetative types come together forming an edge; where rabbits, for example, concentrate in an area where brush land and meadow land meet because of the diversity of food, shelter, and other habitat components provided by the edge |
| emergent | A tree that grows above the general level of the forest canopy. In ecology, a plant which emerges from the water to grow in wetlands |
| ethanol | A grain alcohol produced by fermentation or the anaerobic (occurring in the absence of oxygen) digestion of plant materials with a high sugar content. |
| even-aged management | A forest management method in which all trees in an area are harvested at one time or in several cuttings over a short time to produce stands that are all the same age or nearly so |
| even-aged stand | A forest area in which all the trees are in the same age due to simultaneous germination, planting, or harvesting |
| evergreen | Plants that do not lose their leaves during the winter; These are usually conifer trees but some, such as the live oak, are broadleaf trees |
| famine | An extreme shortage of food in a given area |
| feed lot | An enclosed area in which animals, such as hogs or cattle, are fed before being sold for meat |
| feldspars | The most abundant group of minerals in the earth’s crust. |
| feral | Used in wildlife as referring to domesticated animals gone wild, for example, wild burrows, goats, cats, and dogs |
| field | An area devoid of trees and generally characterized by either grasses or cultivated crops |
| fire scars | Scar tissue that develops when a tree or shrub is burned by fire but is not killed |
| fire triangle | The three components necessary for a fire to burn– heat, fuel, and oxygen. |
| firebreak | Any nonflammable barrier used to slow or stop fires such as mineral soil barriers; barriers of green, slow-burning vegetation; and mechanically cleared areas.. |
| flat or straight planting | Planting trees directly into the ground without beds or, in some cases, without first moving logging debris |
| Forest Development Program (FDP | A state-and industry-funded cost-sharing program administered by the North Carolina Division of Forest Resources. The program pays landowners for approved tree site preparation and planting activities |
| forest | A community of trees, shrubs, herbs, and associated plants and organisms covering a considerable area, that use oxygen, water and soil nutrients as the community attains maturity and reproduces itself |
