| A | B |
| from a focus on teaching | to a focus on learning |
| from emphasis on what is taught | to an emphasis on what students learned |
| from coverage of content | to demonstration of proficiency |
| from infrequent summative assessment | to frequent common formative assessment |
| from assessment to determine who failed to learn by the deadlin | to assessment to identify students who need additional time and support |
| from assessments used to reward and punish | to assessments used to inform and motivate |
| from assessing many things infrequently | to assessing a few thing frequently |
| from individual teacher assessments | to assessments developed jointly by collaborative teams |
| from over-reliance on one kind of asssessment | to balanced assessments |
| from focusing on average scores | to monitoring each student's proficiency in every essential skill |
| from individual teachers determining appropriate response | to a systematic response that insures needed support |
| from fixed time and support | to time and support for learning as variables |
| from remediation | to intervention |
| from invitational support | to directed support |
| from one opportunity to demonstrate learning | to multiple opportunities to demonstrate learning |
| from isolation | to collaboration |
| from each teacher clarifying what students must learn | to collaborative teams building shared knowledge about essential learning |
| from individual teachers determining pacing | to collaborative teams agreeing on pacing |
| from individual teachers determining how to improve | to collaborative teams helping each other improve |
| from privatization of practice | to open sharing of practice |
| from these are "my kids, those are "your kids" | to these are "our kids" |
| from goals related to completion of projects | to SMART goals demanding evidence of student learning |
| from a language of complaint | to a language of committment |
| from infrequent generic recognition | to frequent specific recognition and a culture that creates many winners |
| from external training | to job-embedded learning |
| from expectation that teacher learning occurs infrequently | to expectation that teacher learning is part of work routine |
| from teachers learning by listening | to teachers learning by doing |
| from assessing impact by whether teachers like it | to assessing impact by evidence of student learning |