| A | B |
|---|
| clone | a genetic copy of an organisms |
| restriction enzyme | cuts DNA at certain places |
| DNA | genetic code stored in nucleus |
| RNA | genetic code used to build proteins |
| polymerase enzyme | builds molecules |
| helicase enzyme | unzips DNA |
| tRNA | transfers amino acids |
| mRNA | carries genetic"message" |
| ribosome (rRNA) | builds proteins |
| amino acids | monomers |
| transcription | DNA--> RNA |
| translation | mRNA--> polypeptide |
| peptide bond | holds amino acids together |
| ATP | powers protein synthesis |
| karyotype | a picture of paired chromosomes |
| haploid cells | sperm or ovum |
| diploid cells | somatic cells (body cells) |
| recombinant DNA | DNA from different species combined |
| gene therapy | curing disease by replacing bad genes with good genes |
| mutations | changes to genetic code |
| DNA "fingerprint" | Sorted fragments of DNA |
| gel electrophoresis | a way to sort fragments of DNA by size |
| cytoplasm | location of translation |
| nucleus | location of transcription |
