| A | B |
|---|
| fluid | substance that can flow and therefore conform to the outline of its container |
| dissolved | when one substance is added to another so that, after mixing, only one physical state is observed |
| surface tension | a force that tends to pull adjacent parts of a liquid's surface together |
| vaporation | liquid or solid changes into a gas |
| evaporation | process by which particles escape from the surface of a nonboiling liquid and enter the gaseous state |
| crystalline solids | solids that consist of crystals |
| crystal | substance in which particles are arranged in orderly, goemetric, repeating pattern |
| amorphous solid | one in which the particles are arranged randomly |
| melting point | temp at which a solid becomes a liquid |
| supercooled liquids | substances that retain certain liquid properties even at temps at which they appear to be solid |
| crystal lattice | 3D array of pts that describes the arrangement of the particles of a crystal |
| unit cell | smallest portion of a crystal lattice that reveals the 3D pattern of the entire lattice |
| equilibrium | dynamic condition in which two opposing physical or chemical changes occur at equal rates in a given closed system |
| system | the sample of matter being studied |
| phase | any part of a system that has uniform composition and properties |
| condensation | process by which gas changes to a liquid |
| concentration | number of particles per unit volume |
| when a P/C system at equilibrium is disturbed by application of stress, it attains a new equilibrium position that minimizes the stress | Le Chatelier's principle |
| equilibrium vapor pressure | pressure exerted by the molecules of a vapor which are in equilibrium w/ its corresponding liquid at a given temp |
| boiling | conversion of a liquid to a vapor, within the liquid as well as at its surface when the equilibrium vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the atmospheric pressure |
| molar heat of vaporization | amt of heat energy required to vaporize one mole of liquid at its boiling point |
| molar heat of fusion | amt of heat energy required to melt one mole of solid at its melting point |
| sublimation | change of state from a solid directly to a gas |
| a graph of temperature vs pressure that indicates the conditions under which gaseous, liquid and solid phases of a particular substance exist | phase diagram |
| triple point | indicates the temp and pressure conditions at which the solid, liquid and vapor of the substance can coexist at equilibrium |
| critical temperature | temp above which the substance cannot exist in the liquid state |
| critical pressure | lowest pressure required for the substance to exist as a liquid at the critical temperature |
