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| marches | a piece of music designed to organize the movement of large groups of people, especially soldiers and people in parades. |
| Improvisation | When a musician spontaneously creates and performs music without the aid of written or memorized music. |
| John Philip Sousa | American conductor and composer of The Stars and Stripes Forever also known as the "March King". |
| syncopation | The accenting of unexpected beats in music. |
| Blues | A musical style developed in the late 1800's by African American laborers and former slaves in the Mississippi Delta. Also a song form. Foundation for early Rock n Roll. Elvis Presley, The Beach Boys, The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, Led Zeppelin, and Eric Clapton. |
| Grammophone | An invention of Thomas Edison's that mechanically recorded and played back sound. |
| Scott Joplin | Composer known for writing Ragtime music. His most famous song is Maple Leaf Rag. |
| Jazz | A musical style developed by African Americans in the 1900's that combined elements of Ragtime, Blues, and wind band instruments, European classical harmonies and incorporated the use of improvisation. |
| polyphony | When two or more melodies are played at the same time. |
| Louis Armstrong | Famous Jazz trumpeter known for his innovation of the featured soloist as well as expanding the range of the trumpet. |
| ragtime | An American musical style of the late 1800's performed mainly on piano that combined heavily syncopated "banjo" style rhythms with European classical harmonies. Unlike jazz this music was written down or memorized. |
| Charley Patton | Considered by many to be the "Father of the Delta Blues". He is also among the most important musicians that America produced in the twentieth century. |
