| A | B |
|---|
| Four ways that groups respond to oppression are | withdrawal, passing, acceptance, and resistance |
| Discrimination | refers to harmful or negative acts against people deemed inferior on the basis of their racial category. |
| New Racism | focuses on cultural and national difference rather than racial ones |
| A wealth gap exists between | whites and minority groups in America. |
| Overt racism | acts of racism with don't care attitude |
| 2000 census allowed people | to check off more than one box for racial identity |
| Jennifer Lee | explains how sociologists think about race and describes the differences between race and ethnicity. |
| Poverty can be defined as a condition | of deprivation due to economic circumstances that is severe enough that the individual in this condition cannot live with dignity in his or her society. |
| During a recession | poverty rates may be higher |
| A recession is a period of | economic decline lasting half a year or more |
| Reliance on welfare generates | a sense of helplessness and dependency in some people |
| Sociologist William Julius Wilson | turned the focus from welfare to factors, cush as deindustralization, globalization, suburbanization and discrimination as causes of urban poverty |
| Past 20 to 30 years policies to combat poverty have focused on | encouraging work and offering benefits that directly serve children |
| Susan Mayer | author of What Money Can Buy; she found little evidence to support widely held belief that parental income has a significant effect on children's outcomes. |
| In the Bell Curve, Charles Murray and Richard Hernstein argued that | it's not poverty or education or parenting that ultimately has the most impact on children's outcomes but simply genes. |
| Absolute poverty | the point at which a household's income falls below the necessary level to purchas food to physically sustain its members |
| Official poverty line in U.S. calculated | using a formula developed by Mollie Orshansky |
| Relative poverty | a measurement of poverty based on a percentage of the median income in a given location |
