| A | B |
|---|
| Alleles | The different forms of a gene |
| Represented with capital letters | dominant alleles |
| Represented with lowercase letters | recessive alleles |
| Incomplete Dominance | When two alleles are equally strong and result in a "blend". |
| Heredity | The passing of traits from parents to offspring |
| Genetics | The scientific study of heredity. |
| Gene | A piece of DNA that holds the code for a trait. |
| The twisted ladder molecule | DNA |
| Chromosome | A coil of DNA |
| Number of chromosomes in humans | 46 (23 pairs) |
| Genotype | The two letter combination of alleles |
| Phenotype | The physical appearance of a trait. |
| Punnett Square | A tool used to predict the probability of offspring genotypes. |
| Homozygous | When the two alleles for a gene are the same. |
| Heterozygous | When the two alleles for a gene are different. |
| Dominant | The stronger form |
| Recessive | The weaker form |
| Meiosis | The process that forms the sex cells (egg or sperm). |
| Mitosis | When body cells divide to make more body cells. |
| Polygenic inheritance | When more than one gene controls a trait. |
