| A | B |
|---|
| John Locke | English philosopher who spoke about natural rights |
| Rouseau | Frenchman who believed in popular sovereignty |
| Jefferson | American colonial leader who wrote Declaration of Independence |
| Montesquieu | Frenchman who believed in separate branches of government |
| Franklin | American colonial leader: "no taxation without representation" |
| Newton | scientist who created laws of gravity and motion |
| Kepler | scientist who said planets revolve in elliptical pattern |
| Henry the Navigator | explorer who opened navigation school |
| Galilei | scientist who was 1st to use telescope |
| Magellan | sailor was the 1st to circumnavigate |
| Columbian exchange | exchange of plants, animals, and ideas |
| plantations | large farms |
| mercantilism | government controls all economic activity in its colonies |
| capitalism | economic system in which individuals and private businesses run industries |
| market economy | individuals decide which goods and services they will buy and sell |
| Enlightenment | age of reason |
| caravels | triangular sails that allow ships to sail against wind |
| circumnavigate | sail all the way around |
| Columbus | Italian sailor who thought he found shorter route to Asia |
| Vasco Da Gama | sailed around Africa to India |
| new tools for exploration | compass and astrolabe |
| Voltaire | French philosopher, believed humans could improve their own existence |
| secular | non-religious |
| Drake | English sailor who stole Spanish treasure |
| Copericus | astronomer who observed sun is center of universe |
| popular sovereignty | will of the people |
| reign of terror | time when 1000s were executed in France |
| divine right | belief king's power comes from God |
| scientific theory | explanations based on observed facts |
| scientific method | step-by-step method for experiments |
| scientific revolution | events that led to modern science |
