| A | B |
|---|
| selective breeding | allowing only those animals with desired characteristics to produce the next generation |
| hybridization | crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together the best of both organisms |
| inbreeding | continued breeding of individuals with similar characteristics |
| genetic engineering | making changes in the DNA code of living organisms |
| restriction enzyme | enzyme that cuts DNA molecules precisely into smaller fragments |
| gel electrophoresis | technique used to separate and analyze DNA fragments |
| recombinant DNA | DNA molecules produced by combining DNA from different sources |
| polymerase chain reaction (PCR) | technique to make multiple copies of genes |
| plasmid | small circular DNA molecule to which foreign DNA is first joined |
| genetic marker | gene that makes it possible to distinguish bacteria that carry the plasmid and foreign DNA from those that don't |
| transgenic | containing genes from another species |
| clone | a member of a population of genetically identical cells produced from a single cell |
| hybrid | carries two different alleles of the same gene |
| Dolly | first sheep that was cloned |
| enzyme | ends in -ase |
| sugar | ends in -ose |
| sugar in DNA | deoxyribose |
| sugar in RNA | ribose |
| insulin | one treatment for diabetes |
| strict diet | one treatment for diabetes |
