| A | B |
|---|
| Bid-rent theory | Only commercial enterprises can affort the land in the CBD because land value is higher closer to the CBD |
| Central Business District | Downtown or nucleus of a ctiy where retail stores, offices & cultural activities are concentrated |
| Central Place Theory | Explains the size & distribution of cities in terms of competitive supply of goods & services to disperse populations, created by Christaller |
| Colonial City | Cities established by colonizing empires as administrative centers, often on already existing native cities |
| Commuter zone | The outermost zone of the concentric zone model that represents people who choose to live in residential suburbia & take a daily commute into the CBD to work |
| Concentric zone model | Describes urban environments as a series of rings of distinct land uses radiating out from a central core |
| Counterurbanization | Net migration from urban to rural areas in more developed countries |
| Edge city | Located on the outskirts of larger cities & serve many of the same functions of urban areas |
| Gateway city | Cities that act as ports of entry or distribution centers for large geographic areas |
| Gentrification | Trend of middle & upper income Americans moving into city centers & rehabilitating much of the architecture and replacing low-income populations |
| High-tech corridors | Areas along or near major transportation arteries that are devoted to the research, development & sale of high tech products |
| Hinterland | Market area surrounding an urban center which that center serves |
| In-filling | Building on empty parcels of land within a checkerboard pattern of development |
| Invasion & succession | Continued expansion of CBD & continual push outwards of the zones, causing the zones to rebuild the infrastructure |
| Lateral commuting | Traveling from one suburb to another going from home to work |
| Megalopolis | Several, metro areas that were once separate but that have joined together to form a large, sprawling urban complex |
| Multiple nuclei model | Type of urban form wherein cities have numberous centers of business & cultural activities |
| Peak land value intersection | Area with the greatest land value & commercial trade, usually in the CBD |
| Primate city | Country's leading city, with a population that is disproportionately greater than the other urban areas in the country |
| Rank-size rule | States the population of any given town should be inversely proportional to its rank in the country's hierarchy |
| Range | Maximum distance people are willing to travel to use a service |
| Redlining | Process by which banks draw lines on a map & refuse to lend money to purchase/improve property within that area |
| Restrictive covenants | A statement written into a property deed that restricts the use of the land in some way |
| Sector model | Places the CBD in the middle with wedge-shaped sectors radiating outward from the center along transporation corridors |
| Squatter settlement | Residential developments characterized by extreme poverty that usually exists on land outside the city that is neither owned nor rented by its occupants |
| Threshold | Minimum number of people needed to support the service |
| Underclass | A group in society prevented fromparticipating in the material benefits of a more developed society b/c of a variety of social & economic characteristics |
| Urban hearth area | A region in which the world's first cities evolved |
| Urban heat island effect | Heat cities generate as a result of having many buildings & few trees or other vegetation |
| Zoning | System of land use regulation whereby cities determine where each type of economic enterprises |
