| A | B |
|---|
| Population change: | An increase or decrease in the size of a population. The equation for determining population change is equal to Births + Immigration) - (Deaths + Emigration). |
| Zero population growth: | State in which the birth rate plus immigration equals the death rate plus emigration so that the population of a geographical area is no longer increasing. |
| Crude birth rate: | Annual number of live births per 1,000 people in a geographical area at the midpoint of a given year. |
| Age structure: | Percentage of the population (or the number of people of each sex) at each age level in a population. |
| Demographic transition: | Hypothesis that countries, as they become industrialized, have declines in death rates followed by declines in birth rates. |
| Crude death rate: | Annual number of deaths per 1,000 people in a geographical area at the midpoint of a given year. |
| Total fertility rate: | An estimate of the total number of children a woman will have during her childbearing years. |
| Replacement-level fertility: | The number of children a couple must have to replace themselves. |
| Life expectancy: | The average number of years that a newborn infant can be expected to live. |
| Infant mortality rate: | The number of babies out of every 1,000 born that die before their first birthday. |
| Urban heat island: | The buildup of heat in the atmosphere above an urban area. |
| Dust dome: | Dome of heated air that surrounds an urban area and traps pollutants. |
