| A | B |
|---|
| Article I | powers and makeup of Congress |
| Article II | powers and makeup of executive branch |
| Article III | powers of Judicial branch |
| Article IV | relations between states |
| Amendment 1 | religion, assembly, press and speech |
| Amendment 2 | right to bear arms |
| Amendment 3 | no quartering (has been used for implied privacy) |
| Amendment 4 | no unreasonable search and seizure |
| Amendment 5 | freedom from self incrimination, various other due process freedoms |
| Amendment 6 | right to an attorney |
| Amendment 7 | right to a jury trial in a civil case that is in for large $ |
| Amendment 8 | no cruel and unusual punishment |
| Amendment 9 | people keep retain other rights that aren't listed |
| Amendment 10 | reserved powers for states |
| Amendment 13 | no involuntary servitude or slavery |
| Amendment 14 | rights in Bill of Rights also apply to the states (due process clause), everyone is guaranteed equal protection under the law (equal protection clause) and everyone born in US is a US citizen (citizenship clause) |
| Amendment 15 | states can not deny voting on basis of race |
| Amendment 16 | allows for collection of income tax |
| Amendment 17 | allows for direct election of senators (they had been chosen by state legislatures) |
| Amendment 19 | allows for Women's suffrage |
| habeas corpus | arrrested people must be taken before a judge and told why they are being held |
| no bill of attainder | congress cannot declare someone guilty of a crime without a trial |
| ex post facto | no being held responsible for an action that was committed before it was officially made a crime. |
| necessary and proper clause | allows federal government to do things not written in constitution in order to carry out expressed powers |
| full faith and credit clause | requires states to follow and respect decisions made by other states (licenses, marriages etc) |
| privileges and immunites clause | allows citizens to enjoy protections and laws of whatever state that they are in. |
| supremacy clause | establishes the national government as supreme to the states |
| commerce clause | as an expressed power of congress (power to regulate interstate commerce) it allows congress to expand their powers as it is such a vague power |
| 24th amendment | bans the poll tax |
| 26th amendment | sets voting age at 18 for every state |
| 22nd amendment | sets maximum of 2 terms for US president |
| establishment clause | basically freedom FROM religion, government can not support one religion over another |
| free-exercise clause | basically freedom OF religion, government cannot restrict reasonable religious practice |
| due process clause | as part of 14th amendment it states that NO STATE shall deprive any PERSON of life LIBERTY or proerty without DUE PROCESS. Allows for selective incorporation and prevents states from restricting certain liberties in the Bill of Rights. It is probably the most important part of the Constitution for protecting civil liberties. |
| equal protection clause | as part of the 14th amendment it guarantees people equal treatment by the government (state and federal) |
| citizenship clause | as part of the 14th amendment it makes everyone born in US a citizen. This was included to overturn the DRED SCOTT decision. |
| take care clause | says president shall "take care that laws be faithfully executed" used as basis for issuing executive orders |
