| A | B |
|---|
| Judiciary Act of 1789 | created 4 courts of appeals, 13 district courts and allowed for 5 associate justices on the Supreme Court |
| tariffs | taxes on imported goods; designed to protect American industry |
| Bill of Rights | First Ten Amendments; designed to protect individual rights |
| Hamilton's Economic Plan | BUS, tariff, assumption of state debts |
| Washington's Cabinet | Hamilton, Jefferson, Knox |
| Alexander Hamilton | First Secretary of the Treasury; leader of the Federalists |
| Thomas Jefferson | First Secretary of State; leader of the Republicans |
| Hamilton's Report on Public Credit | designed to persuade Congress to assume state debts |
| Hamilton's Report on Manufactures | designed to persuade Congress to pass tariffs and subsidize certain industry |
| excise tax | tax on manufactured goods |
| Whiskey Rebellion | Western Pennsylvania farmers revolted against the imposition of an excise tax on whiskey |
| precedent | standard; that which has gone before |
| suffrage requirements in the 1790s | free, 21, property owner, male |
| John Adams | second president of the United States; staunch federalist |
| laissez faire | "let it be"; the idea that government should keep its hands off private business and property |
| electoral college | the body through which the indirect election of the president is accomplished |
| Necessary and Proper clause | "elastic" clause, favored by the federalists |
| Bank of the United States | BUS, favored by the federalists; hated by Jeffersonians |
| North Carolina and Rhode Island | last two states to ratify the Constitution |
| Anti-federalists | opposed the new Constitution; insisted on a Bill of Rights |
| Treaty of Greenville | required the Miami to vacate most of Ohio; signed after the Battle of Fallen Timbers |
| Little Turtle | led the Miami prior to Fallen Timbers |
| Jay's Treaty | U.S. pledged to pay debts; British vacated forts on American soil but retained fur trade rights |
| Pinckney's Treaty | allowed the United States to navigate the Mississippi River and to trade through New Orleans |
| Right of Deposit | the right to trade through New Orleans; given by Spain to US through Pinckney's Treaty |
| Washington's Neutrality Proclamation | unpopular statement that the US must avoid European wars |
| Washington's Farewell Address | avoid alliances, political parties |
| two term tradition | the president should serve no more than two terms; started by Washington |
| sectionalism | diverging interest in different regions of the country; West, South, Northeast |
| Citizen Genet Affair | scandal; French diplomat comes to the US to recruit troops for international revolutions |
| Battle of Fallen Timbers | Miami Confederacy defeated by Mad Anthony Wayne in 1794 |
| Northwest Indian War | Also Called the Miami Wars |
| Major General St. Clair | suffered a crushing defeat at the hands of Little Turtle in 1791 |
| General Josiah Harmar | defeated by Indians in the Northwest Indian War in 1790 |
| Federalist party | led by Hamilton and Adams; favored strong central government |
| Republican Party | Led by Jefferson; favored strong state government |
| Alien and Sedition Acts | Acts seen by the Republicans to be inhibiting free speech and targeting dissent |
| Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions | claimed to nullify the Alien and Sedition Acts |
| Quasi-War | Undeclared naval war between France and the United States |
| XYZ Affair | scandal and diplomatic crisis between France and the US resulting from a bribery solitication |
| Talleyrand | French foreign minister implicated in the XYZ Affair |
| Convention of 1800 | settled hostilities connected with the XYZ Affair |
| James Callender | pamphleteer and scandalmonger who accused Jefferson of an affair with Sally Hemming |
| Sally Hemming | Jefferson's slave and probable lover; |
| census | official count of population |
| public debt | the debt of a goverment or nation to individual creditors |
| cabinet | the body of officials appointed as advisers to the head of government |
| circuit court | a court that hears cases in several designated locations rather than a single place. |
| fiscal | concerning public finances-expenditures and revenues |
| assumption | the appropriation or taking on of obligations not originally ones own |
| excise | tax on the manufacture, sale or consumption of certain products |
| stock | shares of ownership in a corporate enterprise |
| medium of exchange | currency; any item, paper or otherwise, used a money |
| impress | to force people or property into public service without choice; conscription |
| assimilation | The merging of diverse cultures or people into one |
| witch-hunt | an investigation carried on with much publicity, supposedly to uncover dangerous activity but actually intended to weaken the political opposition |
| compact | an agreement or covenant between states to perform some legal act |
| nullification | the assertion that a state may legally invalidate a federal act deemed inconsistent with its rights or sovereignty |
