| A | B |
|---|
| King Cotton | ended the fiber famine and became the dominant southern crop after the cotton gin was introduced |
| cotton and textiles | one fifth of the British work force made its living in cotton related business and industry |
| owned no slaves | vast majority of white families in the South |
| owned more than 100 slaves | 1733 families in the south |
| cottonocracy | the slave owning ruling class of the South |
| Sir Walter Scott | favorite author of the cottonocracy |
| education in the South | the elite went to northern or European colleges, public education failed to take off |
| Southern women | ran the households of great estates and sometimes had close bonds to house slaves |
| land butchery | led many southerners to to go west and northwest; cotton was hard on the soil |
| German and Irish immigrants | did not come to the South because of competing slave labor |
| snobocracy | the way backcountry and mountain whites viewed the slave owning aristocracy |
| hillbillies, crackers, clay eaters | poor whites in the South; among the strongest defenders of slavery |
| rich man's war; poor man's fight | view of the mountain whites of the impending Civil War |
| 250,000 | number of free blacks in the South in 1860 |
| mulattoes | children of white planters and slave mistresses |
| William T. Johnson | free black slave owner from Natchez, Mississippi |
| William Ellison | South Carolina's largest free black slave owner |
| wet nurses | slaves often performed this task for white children of plantation owners |
| 1808 | year that slave importation became illegal according to the US Constitution |
| West Africa Squadron | Royal Navy ships whose job it was to stop the slave trade |
| N.P. Gordon | the only slave smuggler to be executed under US law |
| immigrant laborers | given dangerous jobs to prevent injury to slaves (they were an expensive investment) |
| black belt | areas of the old south that had a majority black slave population by 1860 |
| sold down the river | describes the slaves sold from the upper south to the booming cotton growing areas of Mississippi, Alabama, Louisiana and Texas |
| southern romantic view | happy, banjo playing, singing, dancing "darkies" |
| breakers | men whose job it was to break the will of strong minded slaves |
| Mississippi Delta | area of the deep south which had over 75 percent black slave population in 1860 |
| responsorial preaching | style of preaching in black churches; adaptation of the ringshout |
| breaking tools, slowdowns, theft of food, poisoning master's food | methods of slave resistance |
| Gabriel Prosser | Virginia slave conspiracy uncovered in 1800; Prosser was hanged |
| Denmark Vessey | slave conspiracy in Charleston; conspirators hanged |
| Nat Turner | led an 1831 slave revolt in Virginia |
| slave codes | tightened after Nat Turner's revolt |
| Amistad | slave ship taken over by the slaves; |
| John Quincy Adams | successfully argued for the freedom of the Amistad slaves |
| peculiar institution | slavery euphemism |
| American Colonization Society | founded in 1817 to free slaves and send them back to Africa |
| Liberia | founded in 1822 as a destination for freed slaves |
| Monrovia | capital of Liberia |
| William Wilberforce | British abolitionist; influenced by the Great Awakening |
| Second Great Awakening | nation wide revivalist movement that influenced reform movements in the United States |
| Charles Grandison Finney | great preacher of the Second Great Awakening |
| Theodore Dwight Weld | abolitionist evangelized by Charles Grandison Finney |
| AME Zion Church | Black church founded in Philadelphia by Richard Allen |
| The Liberator | William Lloyd Garrison's radical abolitionist newspaper |
| William Lloyd Garrison | radical abolitionist; favored immediate, uncompensated abolition |
| secession | favored by William Lloyd Garrison to purify the Union |
| American Anti-Slavery Society | a leading abolitionist group before 1860 |
| Wendell Phillips | Boston upper class man; part of the American Anti-Slavery Society |
| David Walker | wrote: Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World |
| Appeal to the Colored Citzens of the World | favored violent uprisings to end slavery |
| Sojourner Truth | former slave who famously said "ain't I am woman too?" |
| Martin Delany | black leader who thought that recolonization in Africa was the answer to the slavery problem |
| Frederick Douglass | former slave who was the greatest abolitionist of his day |
| Fourth of July Speech | Frederick Douglass' most famous speech |
| Narrative Life of Frederick Douglass | told the story of Douglass' life in slavery |
| The North Star | abolitionist newspaper edited by Frderick Douglass |
| 1833 | year slavery was abolished in Britain and British dominions except India |
| Liberty Party | New York abolitionist party |
| Free Soil Party | wanted to prevent the spread of slavery |
| Mason Dixon Line | mythical border between southern slavery and northern freedom |
| Virginia Debate | argument in the Virginia legislature over abolition in the wake of Nat Turner's Rebellion |
| wage slaves | term used by defenders of slavery to show the morality of slavery compared to the factory system |
| paternalism | slaves are like family; we care for them |
| biblical arguments | used by abolitionists and slave owners to support their ideas |
| Gag resolution | 1836 resolution that had the practical effect of prohibiting debate over slavery in House of Representatives |
| abolitionist mailings | ordered to be destroyed by the post masters of the South |
| Broadcloth Mob | tried to lynch William Lloyd Garrison in Boston in 1835 |
| Louis Tappan | abolitionist whose house was destroyed by New York gangs opposed to his views |
| Elijah P. Lovejoy | abolitionist killed in Alton, Illinois after publishing inflammatory abolitionist and nativist literature |
