| A | B |
|---|
| Jim Crow Laws | Laws that segregated blacks almost everywhere in the South |
| Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka | Supreme Court Case which struck down the "separate but equal" doctrine. It stated that black schools were inherently inferior to white schools |
| Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) | Group formed in 1957 by MLK, Jr. to press for civil rights |
| Martin Luther King, Jr. | Civil rights leader who was assasinated |
| Rosa Parks | She refused to give up her seat on a public bus |
| Mohandas K. Gandhi | His nonviolent noncooperation tactics inspire MLK, Jr. |
| Ralph Abernarthy | Along with MLK, Jr., he was indicteed for violating state laws against boycotting |
| Thurgood Marshall | Later a Supreme Court Justice, he filed lawsuits stating that black schools were not equal to white schools |
| sit-in | nonviolent protests which involved blacks sitting at a lunch counter until they were served |
| Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) | Committee of students encouraged to organize by Ella Barker |
| Freedom Riders | Black and white protesters who brought the civil rights struggle into the Deep South |
| Albany Movement | Local protesters who were arrested for organizing mass rallies and marches |
| James Lawson | A student at Vanderbilt University, he taught a Gandhian noviolent protest workshop |
| Ella Barker | An older civil rights leader who was the director of the SCLC's headquarters in Atlanta |
| Project C | A plan formulated by MLK, Jr. to openly confront local police to bring attention to the civil rights movement |
| the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom | A gathering of more that 250,000 people who demanded legislation to outlaw racially segregated facilities |
| Civil Rights Act of 1964 | Legislation passed by LBJ which outlawed segregation at public facilities |
| National Women's party | a group which pushed to end sexual discrimination against women |
| Fred Shuttlesworth | Church civil rights leader who aided the Birmingham movement |
| Mississippi Summer Project | Civil rights project that included white protestors |
| freedom schools | schools formed to educate black children in the South |
| Mississippi Freedom Democratic party (MFDP) | Open to all races, it hoped to send delegates to the National Convention |
| Voting Rights Act of 1965 | This law enabled the federal government to supervise voter registration in the South |
| affirmative action programs | Government programs which set goals and timetables for the hiring of minority groups and women |
| James Meredith | Black student whose admission to the University of Mississippi touched off riots |
| Medgar Evers | NAACP leader who was shot to death in 1963 |
| Fannie Lou Hamer | A sharecropper's daughter, she was arrested for taking part in SNCC protests |
| Stokely Carmichael | SNCC organizer who helped form the Lowndes County Freedom Organization |
| John Lewis | SNCC chairperson who was injured in the attack at Selma |
| Nation of Islam | Religiously inspired group which believed in racial separation and black superiority |
| Black Power | Movement which called for black empowerment and discouraged white participation in the civil rights movement |
| Black Panther Party | Political party which dismissed white members and pushed for African Americans to be elected to local offices |
| Poor People's Campaign | Group of poor people who hoped to pressure the President into addressing the needs of the poor |
| de jure segregation | Legal racial segregation in the South |
| de facto segregation | Segregation that has developed by custom rather than law |
| Malcolm X | Leader of the Nation of Islam who was assasinated |
| Elijah Muhammad | Original leader of the Nation of Islam |
| Amiri Baraka | A leader of the Balck Arts movement, he sought to create positive images for blacks |
