| A | B |
|---|
| Brigid of Ireland | Started the first double monastery in Kildare. |
| Black Death/ Bubonic Plague | diseases claimed the lives of almost a third of Europeans during the middle ages? |
| menidcant | begging religious order |
| Latin | language liturgy became common across Europe during the middle ages |
| St. Benedict | Called the Father of Western Monasticism because his self-sufficient monasteries helped bring stability to Europe |
| Gregory I | Pope who helped reform the church and started a form of prayer known as Gregorian chant. |
| Charles Martel | Known as “the Hammer”, he kept Islam from spreading past Spain into Europe |
| St. Patrick | Used a shamrock to explain the trinity as he spread Christianity in Ireland. |
| Cyril and Methodius | Known as “apostles to the Slavs”; created alphabet for people (called Cyrillic). |
| Boniface | Converted Germanic peoples by cutting down a tree (the Sacred Oak of Thor) they worshipped. |
| Charlemagne | The first Holy Roman Emperor who defeated the Saxons for their territory, uniting a big portion of Europe. |
| Clare of Assisi | She left a wealthy life to pursue holiness through poverty after hearing Francis preach. |
| Thomas Aquinas | . One of the most influential theologians of all time who wrote the Summa Theologiae even though he was nicknamed the “Dumb Ox” |
| Francis of Assisi | . Started a mendicant order that called the church back to a life of Gospel living through simplicity and poverty. |
| Innocent III | Most powerful of medieval popes; centralized power in the Papacy. |
| Dominic of Guzman | Created a new order in the Church based on intellectual studies (teaching) and preaching. |
| Hildebrand | Also known as Gregory VII, he fought against secular control of the Church. |
| Isabella | Monarch who united the church and state in Spain through the cruel Spanish Inquisition |
| Catherine of Siena | Youngest of over 20 children, this saint convinced the Pope to move from Avignon, France back to Rome and she ministered to black plague victims |
| John Gutenberg | Invented the Printing Press, making bibles available to more people |
| Thomas A' Becket | This English saint was martyred because he didn’t want to be both chancellor (a high state position) and bishop (a high church position) at the same time. |
| Julian of Norwich | Female hermit and anchoress (lived in room attached to a church) who spoke about Jesus in feminine terms. |
| John Wycliffe | Fought for right of Church against the King of England; suffered martyrdom. |
| Hildegard of Bingen | she was a healer, scientist and musician |
| Bonaventure | Most important Franciscan Scholar Molded order of St. Francis into what it is today |
